Ergodic theory over F₂ [[T]]

Non-Archimedean dynamical systems (11S82) Algebraic coding theory; cryptography (number-theoretic aspects) (11T71) Power series rings (13J05) Arithmetic and non-Archimedean dynamical systems involving polynomial and rational maps (37P05) Dynamical systems over non-Archimedean local ground fields (37P20) Functional analysis over fields other than (mathbb{R}) or (mathbb{C}) or the quaternions; non-Archimedean functional analysis (46S10) Data encryption (aspects in computer science) (68P25)

Abstract: In cryptography and coding theory, it is important to study the pseudo-random sequences and the ergodic transformations. We already have the 1-Lipshitz ergodic theory over

established by V. Anashin and others. In this paper we present an ergodic theory over

F_{2} [[T]]

and some ideas which might be very useful in applications.

Review text

Mahler's theorem says that a continuous function $f$ from the ring $\mathbb{Z}_p$ of $p$-adic integers to itself can be uniquely expanded as $f(x)=\sum_{i=0}^{\infty} a_i {x\choose i}$ with $a_i\in \mathbb{Z}_p$, and $a_i\to 0$ as $i\to \infty$. In 1994, by using the Mahler coefficients of $f$, \textit{V. Anashin} [Math. Notes 55, No. 2, 109--133 (1994); translation from Mat. Zametki 55, No. 2, 3--46 (1994; Zbl 0835.11031)] gave sufficient and necessary conditions for $f$ to be $1$-Lipschitz or measure-preserving (with respect to the Haar measure). Furthermore, he obtained some sufficient conditions (also necessary for $p=2$) for $f$ to be ergodic. The present paper generalizes the results of V. Anashin to continuous transformations on the ring $\mathbb{F}_rT$ of formal power series over finite fields $\mathbb{F}_r$. In place of the polynomials ${x\choose i}$ in the case of $\mathbb{Z}_p$, the Carlitz polynomials form an orthonormal basis for the continuous functions space of $\mathbb{F}_rT$ and a continuous function on $\mathbb{F}_rT$ has a Carlitz expansion. The authors find sufficient and necessary conditions on the Carlitz coefficients for a continuous transformation on $\mathbb{F}_rT$ to be $1$-Lipschitz. Like in the ergodic $1$-Lipschitz theory over $\mathbb{Z}_2$ of V. Anashin, sufficient and necessary conditions on the Carlitz coefficients for the ergodicity of $1$-Lipschitz transformations on $\mathbb{F}_2T$ are obtained.NEWLINENEWLINEAnother important expansion of a continuous function on $\mathbb{Z}_p$ is the Van der Put expansion using the Van der Put basis (characteristic functions of balls). Sufficient and necessary conditions on the Van der Put coefficients for a continuous transformation on $\mathbb{Z}_p$ to be $1$-Lipschitz, or measure-preserving were given by \textit{V. Anashin, A. Khrennikov} and \textit{E. Yurova} [Dokl. Math. 83, No. 3, 306--308 (2011); translation from Dokl. Akad. Nauk 438, No. 2, 151--153 (2011; Zbl 1247.37007)] and \textit{A. Khrennikov} and \textit{E. Yurova} [J. Number Theory 133, No. 2, 484--491 (2013; Zbl 1278.37061)]. An ergodic criterion of a $1$-Lipschitz transformation on $\mathbb{Z}_2$ using the Van der Put coefficients was obtained in [Anashin et al. loc. cit., Zbl 1247.37007]. The other main part of this article is devoted to finding the corresponding theory on $\mathbb{F}_rT$. It characterizes the form of Van der Put expansion that a $1$-Lipschitz transformation on $\mathbb{F}_rT$ should have. The criteria using the Van der Put coefficients for measure-preservation and ergodicity of a $1$-Lipschitz transformation on $\mathbb{F}_2T$ are derived.NEWLINENEWLINEIn the end of the paper, the authors comment that the ergodic theory (ergodic criteria) over $\mathbb{F}_rT$ with $r$ being a power of a prime number is left for future study. Very recently some sufficient conditions for the ergodicity of $1$-Lipschitz transformations on $\mathbb{Z}_p$ for general prime $p$ were obtained by \textit{S. Jeong} [J. Number Theory 133, 2874--2891 (2013)].

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