G-convergence of Dirac operators

Homogenization in context of PDEs; PDEs in media with periodic structure (35B27) General topics in linear spectral theory for PDEs (35P05) Time-dependent Schrödinger equations and Dirac equations (35Q41) Perturbation theory of linear operators (47A55) Linear operator approximation theory (47A58) Methods involving semicontinuity and convergence; relaxation (49J45)

Abstract: We consider the linear Dirac operator with a (-1)-homogeneous locally periodic potential that varies with respect to a small parameter. Using the notation of G-convergence for positive self-adjoint operators in Hilbert spaces we prove G-compactness in the strong resolvent sense for families of projections of Dirac operators. We also prove convergence of the corresponding point spectrum in the spectral gap.

Review text

Let \(\mathcal Y\) be a Hilbert space and let \(\lambda \geq 0\). Denote by \(\mathcal D_\lambda (\mathcal Y)\) the set of not necessarily densely defined operators \(A\) in \(\mathcal Y\) such that \(A\geq \lambda \) and \(A\) is self-adjoint in \(\overline{{\mathbf D}(A)}\). A sequence \((A_h)\) in \(\mathcal D_\lambda (\mathcal Y)\) is said to \(G\)-converge to \(A\) in \(\mathcal D_\lambda (\mathcal Y)\) if \(A_h^{-1}P_h\to A^{-1}P\) (in the strong or weak sense), where \(P\) is the orthogonal projection onto \({\mathbf D}(A)\). The authors show that \(G\)-convergence implies (weak) convergence of corresponding eigenvalues and eigenvectors. This result is applied to perturbations of Dirac operators, restricted to the spectral subspaces associated with the eigenvalues in the gap of the continuous spectrum.

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