Simulations of stellar convection with CO5BOLD

DOI10.1016/J.JCP.2011.09.026zbMATH Open1241.85003arXiv1110.6844OpenAlexW2050824483MaRDI QIDQ423801FDOQ423801

Authors: B. Freytag, M. Steffen, H.-G. Ludwig, S. Wedemeyer-Böhm, W. Schaffenberger, O. Steiner 

Publication date: 30 May 2012

Published in: Journal of Computational Physics (Search for Journal in Brave)

Abstract: High-resolution images of the solar surface show a granulation pattern of hot rising and cooler downward-sinking material -- the top of the deep-reaching solar convection zone. Convection plays a role for the thermal structure of the solar interior and the dynamo acting there, for the stratification of the photosphere, where most of the visible light is emitted, as well as for the energy budget of the spectacular processes in the chromosphere and corona. Convective stellar atmospheres can be modeled by numerically solving the coupled equations of (magneto)hydrodynamics and non-local radiation transport in the presence of a gravity field. The CO5BOLD code described in this article is designed for so-called "realistic" simulations that take into account the detailed microphysics under the conditions in solar or stellar surface layers (equation-of-state and optical properties of the matter). These simulations indeed deserve the label "realistic" because they reproduce the various observables very well -- with only minor differences between different implementations. The agreement with observations has improved over time and the simulations are now well-established and have been performed for a number of stars. Still, severe challenges are encountered when it comes to extending these simulations to include ideally the entire star or substellar object: the strong stratification leads to completely different conditions in the interior, the photosphere, and the corona. Simulations have to account for a large range of spatial and time scales and also non-equilibrium processes. Last but not least, realistic simulations are based on detailed microphysics and depend on the quality of the input data. This article provides an overview of the physical problem and the numerical solution and the capabilities of CO5BOLD, illustrated with a number of applications.

Full work available at URL: https://arxiv.org/abs/1110.6844

Recommendations

• Three-Dimensional Numerical MHD Simulations of Solar Convection
• Stellar convection
• Rotating ‘star‐in‐a‐box’ experiments
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zbMATH Keywords

numerical simulations\texttt{CO5BOLD}radiation (magneto)hydrodynamicsstellar surface convection

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Stability and instability of geophysical and astrophysical flows (76E20) Galactic and stellar structure (85A15) Hydrodynamic and hydromagnetic problems in astronomy and astrophysics (85A30) Computational methods for problems pertaining to astronomy and astrophysics (85-08)

Cites Work

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Cited In (8)

• The Geneva stellar evolution code
• Hydrodynamic stability in the presence of a stochastic forcing: a case study in convection
• The time step constraint in radiation hydrodynamics
• Rotating ‘star‐in‐a‐box’ experiments
• Solar surface flow simulations at ultra-high resolution
• Hydrodynamical simulations of convection-related stellar micro-variability
• CO5BOLD
• Stellar convection

Uses Software

• VODE
• NIRVANA
• ZEUS
• HLLE
• HE-E1GODF
• ASH
• ANTARES
• Linfor3D

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