scientific article; zbMATH DE number 1336245

Publication date 14 September 1999

Introductory exposition (textbooks, tutorial papers, etc.) pertaining to mechanics of particles and systems (70-01) Modal analysis in linear vibration theory (70J10) Control of mechanical systems (70Q05) Introductory exposition (textbooks, tutorial papers, etc.) pertaining to mechanics of deformable solids (74-01) Control, switches and devices (``smart materials) in solid mechanics (74M05) Control/observation systems governed by ordinary differential equations (93C15) Control/observation systems governed by partial differential equations (93C20)

Review text

The book deals with various aspects of passive vibration control and contains eleven chapters. The introductory chapter 1 explains why multi-million-dollars industries produce devices and materials to control the vibrations. Vibrations make discomfort, damage and destruction. In particular, the human body and its parts are acute sensors of vibrations imposed upon it in road or rail vehicles, in airplanes, ships or helicopters etc. In chapter 1 the author discusses vibration levels which cause human discomfort and decrease work proficiency, by giving different vibration intensity criteria. Chapter 2 presents the modal description of structural response and gives generalized linear equations of forced vibrations. It is shown that, except for the simplest structures consisting of few ideal uniform beams or plates, it is never practicable to analyze forced vibrations by using directly the governing differential equations, and it is more convenient to employ the modal description of structural response. In chapter 3 the author analyzes the basic concepts of receptivity and dynamic stiffness, and discusses the receptivity of combined and constrained systems. It is underlined, however, that while the principles of vibration control can be explained by using the concept of receptivity and dynamical stiffness, a lot of vibration calculations can be better performed using the concept of four-pole parameters or transfer matrices. Chapter 4 describes vibrations generated in a structure by locally imposed displacement. Examples of such motions are earthquake-generated vibrations of buildings, vibrations of large and stiff structures with a light-weight electronic package mounted on them, and a massive and stiff vibrating machine mounted on a flexible support structure. Chapter 5 examines the response of structures to non-harmonic excitations. Considered are periodic non-harmonic excitations, random excitations, probabilities of failure, and transient excitations due to an arbitrary transient force or due to ramp foces and pulse forces. Chapter 6 deals with the harmonic response of infinite uniform beams and plates using the flexural wave approach. In chapter 7 the author discusses the control of vibrations by structural design. It is demonstrated that, in order to reduce the vibrations and noise, the following methods can be used: detuning, reducing the number of responding modes, nodalizing and locating exciting forces at nodes, moving the nodes to source of vibrations by additional masses or stiffness, decoupling different types of motion, separating the natural frequencies of different structural components, and optimizing the structural geometry. The control of vibrations by localized additions is considered in chapter 8. These localized additions can be described as an ``auxiliary system which consists of masses, springs and dampers. Such systems, named vibration neutralizers, reduce the vibration level of the system. The control of vibration by added damping is the topic of chapter 9. As a rule, the vibrations are associated with structural resonance, and resonance amplitudes can be decreased by sufficient damping. In connection with this problem, the author considers the structural damping, and the damping of sandwich plates or laminated composite plates. Chapter 10 describes the vibration control by resilient isolation. The final chapter 11 is devoted to vibration control by combined methods. It is shown that the use of combined effects of more than one method provides not only a sum of separate effects, but presents often new advantages and possibilities. This is illustrated by combined effects of methods described in previous chapters. This book can be very useful for engineers, postgraduate students and applied scientists who elaborate and design methods and means of passive vibration control of structures. Unfortunately, the book has some lacks: 1. Vector plots of velocity and acceleration not only rotate counter-clockwise with respect to vector plot of displacement by angles \(\pi/2\) and \(\pi\), but their amplitudes are multiplied correspondingly by \(\omega\) and \(\omega^2\) (Fig. 2.12). (See patents No. 2093808, 20.10.1997. Bul. No. 29, RU; No. 2108502, 10.04.1998, Bul. No. 10, RU); 2. Symbol \(ds_i\) for modal dynamic stiffness is inconvenient, because such symbol is used for differentials; 3. Formulas (5.3), (5.4), (5.7) and (6.6) are incorrect; 4. Symbols \(\delta w/\delta t\) and \(\delta^2w/ \delta x\delta t\) are not correct because symbol \(\delta\) denotes the variation (Fig. 6.3).

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