Trees, ultrametrics, and noncommutative geometry

DOI10.4310/PAMQ.2012.V8.N1.A11zbMATH Open1251.46038arXivmath/0605131MaRDI QIDQ429571FDOQ429571

Authors: Bruce Hughes 

Publication date: 20 June 2012

Published in: Pure and Applied Mathematics Quarterly (Search for Journal in Brave)

Abstract: Noncommutative geometry is used to study the local geometry of ultrametric spaces and the geometry of trees at infinity. Connes's example of the noncommutative space of Penrose tilings is interpreted as a non-Hausdorff orbit space of a compact, ultrametric space under the action of its local isometry group. This is generalized to compact, locally rigid, ultrametric spaces. The local isometry types and the local similarity types in those spaces can be analyzed using groupoid C^*-algebras. The concept of a locally rigid action of a countable group Gamma on a compact, ultrametric space by local similarities is introduced. It is proved that there is a faithful unitary representation of Gamma into the germ groupoid C^*-algebra of the action. The prototypical example is the standard action of Thompson's group V on the ultrametric Cantor set. In this case, the C^*-algebra is the Cuntz algebra O_2 and representations originally due to Birget and Nekrashevych are recovered. End spaces of trees are sources of ultrametric spaces. Some connections are made between locally rigid, ultrametric spaces and a concept in the theory of tree lattices of Bass and Lubotzky.

Full work available at URL: https://arxiv.org/abs/math/0605131

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zbMATH Keywords

Bratteli diagramultrametric spacelocal isometrylocal similaritynon-commutative ultrametric geometrysymmetry of infinity group

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Trees (05C05) Geometric group theory (20F65) Noncommutative topology (46L85) Metric spaces, metrizability (54E35) (K_0) as an ordered group, traces (19K14)

Cited In (25)

• Roundness properties of ultrametric spaces
• Inverse sequences, rooted trees and their end spaces
• Combinatorial properties of ultrametrics and generalized ultrametrics
• Title not available (Why is that?)
• The range of ultrametrics, compactness, and separability
• Graph inverse semigroups: their characterization and completion.
• Compactable semilattices
• Galois groups and Cantor actions
• How rigid the finite ultrametric spaces can be?
• Metric trees of generalized roundness one
• Minimum spanning paths and Hausdorff distance in finite ultrametric spaces
• Asymptotic negative type properties of finite ultrametric spaces
• On the tree-likeness of hyperbolic spaces
• On ultrametric-preserving functions
• Non-commutative Stone duality: inverse semigroups, topological groupoids and \(C^*\)-algebras
• Ultrametric preserving functions and weak similarities of ultrametric spaces
• Monoid generalizations of the Richard Thompson groups.
• On quasisymmetric mappings between ultrametric spaces
• Uniqueness of best proximity pairs and rigidity of semimetric spaces
• Bipartite graphs and best proximity pairs
• Finite ultrametric balls
• Isometries of Kellendonk–Savinien spectral triples and Connes metrics
• On Urysohn's \(\mathbb{R}\)-tree
• Local similarities and the Haagerup property. With an appendix by Daniel S. Farley.
• Properties and morphisms of finite ultrametric spaces and their representing trees

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