Boundary characteristic point regularity for Navier-Stokes equations: blow-up scaling and petrovskii-type criterion (a formal approach)

Abstract: It is shown that Wiener's regularity of the vertex of a backward paraboloid for 3D Navier-Stokes equations with zero Dirichlet conditions on the paraboloid boundary is given by Petrovskii's criterion for the heat equation (1934), i.e., the nonlinear convection term does not affect the regularity result.

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The 3D Navier-Stokes equations NEWLINE\[NEWLINE \frac{\partial u}{\partial t}+(u\cdot\nabla)u-\Delta u+\nabla p=0,\quad \text{div}\,u=0 NEWLINE\]NEWLINE are considered in a non-cylindrical domain \(Q\subset \mathbb{R}^3\times [-1,0)\). \(Q\) is a smooth domain of a backward parabolic shape with vertex \((0,0)\). The vertex is the only characteristic point. It means that the plane \(\{t=0\}\) is tangent to \(\partial Q\) at the origin and other characteristics for \(t\in[-1,0)\) intersect \(\partial Q\) transversely. The equations are added by initial and boundary conditions NEWLINE\[NEWLINE\begin{aligned} & u(x,-1)=u_0(x)\;\text{on}\;Q\cap\{t=-1\},\\ & u=0\;\text{on}\;\partial Q. \end{aligned}NEWLINE\]NEWLINE The problem of regularity (in Wiener's sense, see [the second author, Appl. Anal. 71, No. 1--4, 149--165 (1999; Zbl 1034.35048)]) of the vertex \((0,0)\) is studied. The vertex \((0,0)\) of the backward paraboloid \(Q\) is regular according to Wiener if for any bounded data \(u_0(x)\) the solution \(u\) satisfies to the condition \(u(0,0^-)=0\). The authors use a blow-up scaling and a special matching with a boundary layer near \(\partial Q\). They prove that the regularity of the vertex does not depend of a convection term. The similar regularity analysis of the well-posed Burnett equations NEWLINE\[NEWLINE\begin{aligned} \frac{\partial u}{\partial t}+(u\cdot\nabla)u+\Delta^2 u+\nabla & p=0,\quad \text{div}\,u=0\;\text{in}\;Q,\\ & u=\nabla u\cdot n=0\;\text{on}\;\partial Q,\\ & u(x,-1)=u_0\end{aligned} NEWLINE\]NEWLINE is presented too.

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