Hyperellipticity and systoles of Klein surfaces

DOI10.1007/S10711-011-9659-ZMaRDI QIDQ438934zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Authors Mikhail G. Katz, Stéphane Sabourau

Publication date 31 July 2012

Published in Geometriae Dedicata (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/1201.0361

zbMATH Keywords

hyperelliptic curveKlein surfacessystole

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Compact Riemann surfaces and uniformization (30F10) Global geometric and topological methods (à la Gromov); differential geometric analysis on metric spaces (53C23) Relations of PDEs with special manifold structures (Riemannian, Finsler, etc.) (58J60)

Abstract: Given a hyperelliptic Klein surface, we construct companion Klein bottles, extending our technique of companion tori already exploited by the authors in the genus 2 case. Bavard's short loops on such companion surfaces are studied in relation to the original surface so to improve a systolic inequality of Gromov's. A basic idea is to use length bounds for loops on a companion Klein bottle, and then analyze how curves transplant to the original nonorientable surface. We exploit the real structure on the orientable double cover by applying the coarea inequality to the distance function from the real locus. Of particular interest is the case of Dyck's surface. We also exploit an optimal systolic bound for the M"obius band, due to Blatter.

Review text

The classical isoperimetric inequality bounds from above the area of a plane region in terms of the length of the boundary. For closed surfaces, the systolic inequalities bound from above the length of shortest closed geodesics in terms of the area of the surfaces. It was initiated by C. Loewner in 1949 for the torus endowed with any metric. Gromov proved the following systolic inequality for all aspherical surfaces \[ \mathrm{sys}^2\leq \frac{4}{3}\, \mathrm{area}, \] and pointed out that this inequality is sharp in the class of Finsler metrics. One natural question is whether it can be improved for the class of Riemannian metrics. The main result of this paper is such an improvement for Riemannian metrics on non-orientable surfaces whose double covers are hyperelliptic: \[ \mathrm{sys}^2\leq 1.333\, \mathrm{area}. \] (Note that 1.333 is strictly less than \(\frac{4}{3}\).) This class of surfaces include Dyck's surfaces which are connected sums of three real projective planes.

Recommendations

• Dyck's surfaces, systoles, and capacities
• Systoles and diameters of hyperbolic surfaces
• On two dimensional isosystolic inequalities
• Inégalités isosystoliques conformes pour la bouteille de Klein. (Conformal isosystolic inequalities for the Klein bottle)
• An optimal systolic inequality for \(\mathrm{CAT}(0)\) metrics in genus two

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Cited in

(11)

• Systole of congruence coverings of arithmetic hyperbolic manifolds
• The homology systole of hyperbolic Riemann surfaces
• Systoles and diameters of hyperbolic surfaces
• Hyperelliptic surfaces are Loewner
• Maximal cusps, collars, and systoles in hyperbolic surfaces
• Dyck's surfaces, systoles, and capacities
• Klein bottle and optimal systolic inequality for nonpositively curved surfaces
• Systoles of hyperbolic surfaces with big cyclic symmetry
• Systoles and kissing numbers of finite area hyperbolic surfaces
• On \(pq\)-hyperelliptic Klein surfaces
• Fixed point free involutions on Riemann surfaces

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