SOLITONS ON NONCOMMUTATIVE TORUS AS ELLIPTIC CALOGERO–GAUDIN MODELS, BRANES AND LAUGHLIN WAVE FUNCTIONS

DOI10.1142/S0217751X03014228MaRDI QIDQ4407262zbMATH OpenFDO

Authors Bo-Yu Hou, Rui-Hong Yue, Dantao Peng, Kang-Jie Shi

Publication date 15 December 2003

Published in International Journal of Modern Physics A (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/hep-th/0204163

Heisenberg group lattice of coherent states Laughlin wave function noncommutative Chern-Simons theory orbifolding quantum Hall effect

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Soliton equations (35Q51) Noncommutative differential geometry (46L87) Noncommutative geometry (à la Connes) (58B34) String and superstring theories; other extended objects (e.g., branes) in quantum field theory (81T30) Noncommutative geometry methods in quantum field theory (81T75) Many-body theory; quantum Hall effect (81V70)

Abstract: For the noncommutative torus

c a l T

, in case of the N.C. parameter

h e t a = f r a c Z n

, we construct the basis of Hilbert space

H}_n

i n t e r m s o f

heta

f u n c t i o n s o f t h e p o s i t i o n s

z_i

o f

n

s o l i t o n s . T h e w r a p p i n g a r o u n d t h e t o r u s g e n e r a t e s t h e a l g e b r a

{cal A}_n

, w h i c h i s t h e

Z_n imes Z_n

H e i s e n b e r g g r o u p o n

heta

f u n c t i o n s . W e f i n d t h e g e n e r a t o r s

g

o f a n l o c a l e l l i p t i c

su(n)

, w

transform covariantly by the global gauge transformation of

c a l A

By acting on

{c a l H}_{n}

we establish the isomorphism of

{c a l A}_{n}

g

. We embed this

g

into the

L

-matrix of the elliptic Gaudin and

m o d e l s t o g i v e t h e d y n a m i c s . T h e m o m e n t m a p o f t h i s t w i s t e d c o t a n g e n t

su_n({cal T})

b u n d l e i s m a t c h e d t o t h e

D

- e q u a t i o n w i t h F a y e t - I l l i o p o u l o s s o u r c e t e r m, s o t h e d y n a m i c s o f t h e N . C . s o l i t o n s b e c o m e s t h a t o f t h e b r a n e . T h e g e o m e t r i c c o n f i g u r a t i o n

(k, u)

o f t h

spectral curve

m d e t | L (u) - k | = 0

describes the brane configuration, with the dynamical variables

z_{i}

of N.C. solitons as

m o d u l i

T^{otimes n} / S_n

. F u r t h e r m o r e, i n t h e N . C . C h e r n - S i m o n s t h e o r y f o r t h e q u a n t u m H a l l e f f e c t, t h e c o n s t r a i n e q u a t i o n w i t h q u a s i p a r t i c l e s o u r c e i s i d e n t i f i e d a l s o w i t h t h e m o m e n t m a p e q a u t i o n

the N.C.

s u_{n} (c a l T)

cotangent bundle with marked points. The eigenfunction of the Gaudin differential

L

-operators as the Laughli$wavefunction is solved by Bethe ansatz.

Review text

Improving the construction [\textit{R. Gopakumar}, \textit{M. Headrick} and \textit{M. Spradlin}, On noncommutative multisolitons, Commun. Math. Phys. 233, No. 2, 355-381 (2002; Zbl 1018.58002)], hereafter referred to as [1], the basis of the Hilbert space ${\mathcal H}_n$ for the noncommutative torus ${\mathcal T}$, in the case of the noncommutative parameter $\theta= \mathbb{N}/n$, is constructed. This construction is applied to the study of the noncommutative Chern-Simons theory for the quantum Hall effect, and the eigenfunction of the Gaudin differential $L$-operator as the Laughlin wave function is solved by Bethe ansatz [cf. \textit{G. Felder} and \textit{A. Varchenko}, Compos. Math. 107, 147-175 (1997; Zbl 0907.17004)], hereafter referred to as [2]). ${\mathcal T}$ is the orbifolding of the noncommutative space $\mathbb{R}^2:[\widehat x_1,\widehat x_2]=i\Theta$. The generators of the fundamental group of ${\mathcal T}$ are \[ U_1=e^{-i\widehat y^2l},\quad U_2= e^{il(\tau_2\widehat y^1- \tau_1\widehat y^2)},\quad l= L\Theta^{1/1},\quad\widehat y^i= {1\over\sqrt{\Theta}} \widehat x^i. \] Let $|0\rangle$ be the Fock-Barmann vacuum vector: $a|0\rangle= 0$, $a= {1\over\sqrt{2}} (\widehat y^1+i\widehat y^2)$. Then the lattice of coherent states is $U^{j_1}_1 U^{j_2}_2|0\rangle\in \mathbb{Z}^2$. Then modifying the construction in [1], projections $P_\beta$ such that \[ W^{\beta_1}_1 P_{\beta_2} W^{-\beta_1}_1= P_{\beta_1+ \beta_2},\quad W_1= U^{1/n}_1, \] are constructed. The Hilbert space ${\mathcal H}_{{\mathcal T}}$ is $V_n\otimes{\mathcal L}$, $V_n$ is a $\text{su}(n)$ and ${\mathcal L}$ is an $U(1)$ line bundle. On the $V_n$ acts the $W_1$ and $W_2$ matrices, on the ${\mathcal L}$ acts the covariant difference operators $\widehat{{\mathbf V}}_i$ and $W_i\otimes \widehat{{\mathbf V}}_i= U_i$. The target space ${\mathcal H}_{{\mathcal T}}$ of $P$ on the total torus ${\mathcal T}$ is subdivided into ${\mathcal H}_n$ on the torus ${\mathcal T}_n$ [\textit{N. Seiberg} and \textit{E. Witten}, J. High Energy Phys. 1999, No. 9, Paper No. 32 (1999; Zbl 0957.81085)]. The basis of ${\mathcal H}_n$ is given by \[ v_a= \sum^n_{b=1} F_{-a,b},\quad F_{\alpha_1,\alpha_2}= e^{i\pi n\alpha_2} \prod^n_{j=1} \sigma_{\alpha_1,\alpha_2} \Biggl(z_j- {1\over n} \sum^n_{k=1} z_k\Biggr), \] \[ \sigma_\alpha(z)= \theta\begin{pmatrix} {1\over 2}+{\alpha_1\over n}\\ {1\over 2}+{\alpha_2\over n}\end{pmatrix}(z,\tau,\quad \alpha= (\alpha_1, \alpha_2)\in\mathbb{Z}_n\times \mathbb{Z}_n. \] On ${\mathcal H}_n$, $W^1$ and $W^2$ generate a matrix algebra ${\mathcal A}_n$ and $W^{\alpha_1} W^{\alpha_2}= W^\alpha$ form the $\mathbb{Z}_n\times \mathbb{Z}_n$ Heisenberg group ${\mathcal G}_{{\mathcal H}}(n)$. The local infinitesimal translation operator \[ E_\alpha=(- 1)^{\alpha_1} \sigma_\alpha(0) \sum_j \prod_{k\neq j} {\sigma_\alpha(z_{jk})\over \sigma_0(z_{jk})}\Biggl({l\over n} \sum_{i\neq j} {\sigma_\alpha'(z_{ji})\over \sigma_\alpha(z_{ji})}- \partial_j\Biggr), \] $z_{jk}= z_j- z_k$ and $E_0=- \sum_j\partial_j$ [\textit{K. Chen}, \textit{H. Fan}, \textit{B. Y. Hou}, \textit{K. J. Shi}, \textit{W. L. Yang} and \textit{R. H. Hong}, Prog. Theor. Phys. Suppl. 135, 149-165 (1999)] generates the $\text{su}_n({\mathcal T})$ algebra on the torus and covariant under the gauge transformation by ${\mathcal G}_{{\mathcal H}}(n)$ (Sect. 3). The elliptic Gaudin model on commutative space is defined by the quantum Lax operator (transfer matrix) \[ L_{ij}(u)= \sum_{\alpha\neq (0,0)} w_\alpha(u) E_\alpha(I_\alpha)_{ij},\quad w_\alpha(u)= {\theta'(0)\sigma_\alpha(u)\over \sigma_\alpha(0) \sigma_0(u)}. \] By using the above expression of $E_\alpha$, NC Gaudin model on the fuzzy torus ${\mathcal T}_n$ form it into an elliptic Calogero-Moser (CM) model whose Lax operator is computed to be \[ L_{\text{CM}}(u)^i_j= \Biggl(p_i- {l\over n} {\partial\over\partial q_i} \ln\Pi(q)\Biggr)\delta^i_j- {l\over n}\sigma'(0)(1- \delta^i_j) {\sigma(u+ q_{ji})\over \sigma(u) \sigma(q_{ji})}. \] It is known that the CM model is the Hamiltonian reduction of the cotangent bundle for the algebra of the semidirect product of the Cartan torus and the Weyl group [\textit{J. C. Hurtubise}, \textit{E. Markman}, Commun. Math. Phys. 233, 533-552 (2001; Zbl 0999.37048)] (Sect. 4). In Sec. 5, the brane picture of the NC solitons is described. These results are applied to the quantum Hall effect (QHE) in Sect. 6. In the NC Chern-Simons theory for the QHE, the constraint equation with quasiparticle source is identified with the moment map equation of the NC $\text{su}_n({\mathcal T})$ cotangent bundle with marked points. Then it is shown that the Laughlin wave function is given as a special case of the Bethe ansatz solution of Gaudin differential $L$ operators given in [2]. In discussion (Sect. 7), the authors say the study of generic $\theta\neq\mathbb{Z}/n$ will be the next problem.

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