Symmetries of the transfer operator for _0(N) and a character deformation of the Selberg zeta function for _0(4)

DOI10.2140/ANT.2012.6.587MaRDI QIDQ442444zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Authors Markus Fraczek, Dieter Mayer

Publication date 10 August 2012

Published in Algebra \& Number Theory (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/1011.4441, http://msp.berkeley.edu/ant/2012/6-3/p09.xhtml

zbMATH Keywords

transfer operatorMaass wave formscharacter deformationfactorization of the Selberg zeta functionHecke congruence subgroups

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Modular and automorphic functions (11F03) Spectral theory; trace formulas (e.g., that of Selberg) (11F72) Selberg zeta functions and regularized determinants; applications to spectral theory, Dirichlet series, Eisenstein series, etc. (explicit formulas) (11M36) Singular perturbations in context of PDEs (35B25) Functional analytic techniques in dynamical systems; zeta functions, (Ruelle-Frobenius) transfer operators, etc. (37C30)

Abstract: The transfer operator for $Gamm{a}_0(N)$ and trivial character $ch{i}_0$ possesses a finite group of symmetries generated by permutation matrices $P$ with $P^2=id$. Every such symmetry leads to a factorization of the Selberg zeta function in terms of Fredholm determinants of a reduced transfer operator. These symmetries are related to the group of automorphisms in $GL(2,mathbbZ)$ of the Maass wave forms of $Gamm{a}_0(N)$ . For the group $Gamm{a}_0(4)$ and Selberg's character $ch{i}_{a}lpha$ there exists just one non-trivial symmetry operator $P$. The eigenfunctions of the corresponding reduced transfer operator with eigenvalue $lambda=pm1$ are related to Maass forms even respectively odd under a corresponding automorphism. It then follows from a result of Sarnak and Phillips that the zeros of the Selberg function determined by the eigenvalues $lambda=-1$ of the reduced transfer operator stay on the critical line under the deformation of the character. From numerical results we expect that on the other hand all the zeros corresponding to the eigenvalue $lambda=+1$ leave this line for $alpha$ turning away from zero.

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