Finding apparent horizons and other 2-surfaces of constant expansion

DOI10.1088/0264-9381/20/22/001zbMATH Open1045.83044arXivgr-qc/0306006OpenAlexW2029088960WikidataQ59830090 ScholiaQ59830090MaRDI QIDQ4453726FDOQ4453726

Erik Schnetter

Publication date: 7 March 2004

Published in: Classical and Quantum Gravity (Search for Journal in Brave)

Abstract: Apparent horizons are structures of spacelike hypersurfaces that can be determined locally in time. Closed surfaces of constant expansion (CE surfaces) are a generalisation of apparent horizons. I present an efficient method for locating CE surfaces. This method uses an explicit representation of the surface, allowing for arbitrary resolutions and, in principle, shapes. The CE surface equation is then solved as a nonlinear elliptic equation. It is reasonable to assume that CE surfaces foliate a spacelike hypersurface outside of some interior region, thus defining an invariant (but still slicing-dependent) radial coordinate. This can be used to determine gauge modes and to compare time evolutions with different gauge conditions. CE surfaces also provide an efficient way to find new apparent horizons as they appear e.g. in binary black hole simulations.

Full work available at URL: https://arxiv.org/abs/gr-qc/0306006

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zbMATH Keywords

shock wavesgeneral relativityhorizonsnumerical relativityconstant expansion

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Applications of differential geometry to physics (53Z05) Black holes (83C57)

Cited In (3)

• Event and apparent horizon finders for \(3+1\) numerical relativity
• Orbiting black-hole binaries and apparent horizons in higher dimensions
• The non-linear perturbation of a black hole by gravitational waves. I. The Bondi–Sachs mass loss

Uses Software

• PETSc

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