Is every matrix similar to a polynomial in a companion matrix?

DOI10.1016/J.LAA.2012.04.049zbMATH Open1259.15013arXiv1304.1794OpenAlexW2963871940MaRDI QIDQ445817FDOQ445817

N. H. Guersenzvaig, Fernando Szechtman

Publication date: 27 August 2012

Published in: Linear Algebra and its Applications (Search for Journal in Brave)

Abstract: Given a field $F$, an integer $ngeq1$, and a matrix $Ain{M}_n(F)$, are there polynomials $f,ginF[X]$, with $f$ monic of degree $n$, such that $A$ is similar to $g(C_f)$, where $C_f$ is the companion matrix of $f$? For infinite fields the answer is easily seen to positive, so we concentrate on finite fields. In this case we give an affirmative answer, provided $|F|geqn-2$. Moreover, for any finite field $F$, with $|F|=m$, we construct a matrix $Ain{M}_{m+3}(F)$ that is not similar to any matrix of the form $g(C_f)$. Of use above, but also of independent interest, is a constructive procedure to determine the similarity type of any given matrix $g(C_f)$ purely in terms of $f$ and $g$, without resorting to polynomial roots in $F$ or in any extension thereof. This, in turn, yields an algorithm that, given $g$ and the invariant factors of any $A$, returns the elementary divisors of $g(A)$. It is a rational procedure, as opposed to the classical method that uses the Jordan decomposition of $A$ to find that of $g(A)$. Finally, extending prior results by the authors, we show that for an integrally closed ring $R$ with field of fractions $F$ and companion matrices $C,D$ the subalgebra $R<C,D>$ of $M_n(R)$ is a free $R$-module of rank $n+(n-m)(n-1)$, where $m$ is the degree of $gcd(f,g)inF[X]$, and a presentation for $R<C,D>$ is given in terms of $C$ and $D$. A counterexample is furnished to show that $R<C,D>$ need not be a free $R$-module if $R$ is not integrally closed. The preceding information is used to study $M_n(R)$, and others, as $R[X]$-modules.

Full work available at URL: https://arxiv.org/abs/1304.1794

zbMATH Keywords

algorithmfinite fieldelementary divisorscompanion matrices\(R\)-moduleintegrally closed ringinvariant factors

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Vector and tensor algebra, theory of invariants (15A72) Matrices over special rings (quaternions, finite fields, etc.) (15B33) Canonical forms, reductions, classification (15A21)

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Cited In (3)

• Classification of linked indecomposable modules of a family of solvable Lie algebras over an arbitrary field of characteristic 0
• Is every matrix similar to a Toeplitz matrix?
• Generalized Artin–Schreier polynomials

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