Emergence of helicity 2 modes (gravitons) from qubit models

DOI10.1016/J.NUCLPHYSB.2012.05.010MaRDI QIDQ447443zbMATH OpenOpenAlexWikidataFDO

Authors Zheng-Cheng Gu, Xiao-Gang Wen

Publication date 3 September 2012

Published in Nuclear Physics B (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/0907.1203

zbMATH Keywords

emergencequantum gravitystrongly correlated quantum systems

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Lattice systems (Ising, dimer, Potts, etc.) and systems on graphs arising in equilibrium statistical mechanics (82B20) Quantization of the gravitational field (83C45) Continuum limits in quantum field theory (81T27)

Abstract: The general equivalence principle and the associated diffeomorphism gauge symmetry are regarded as a founding principles of nature. But, one may wonder, can diffeomorphism gauge symmetry emerge as a low energy property of certain topological/quantum order in a qbit model that has no diffeomorphism gauge symmetry? In this paper, we showed that, at least, the linearized diffeomorphism gauge symmetry h_{mu

u} o h_{mu u} +prt_mu f_ u+prt_

u f_mu can indeed emerge from some qbit models (or quantum spin models). Physically, the emergence of the (linearized) diffeomorphism gauge symmetry implies the emergence of gapless helicity +/- 2 excitations (ie the gravitons). In the first qbit model (called the L-type model), we show that helicity +/- 2 gapless excitations appear as the only type of low energy excitations using a reliable semiclassical approach. The dispersion of the gapless helicity +/- 2 is found to be eps_k propto k^3. The appearance of the gapless helicity +/- 2 modes suggests that the ground state of the qbit model is a new state of matter. In the second model (called the N-type model) the collective modes are strongly interacting and there is no reliable approach to understand its low energy dynamics. Using a spin-wave/quantum-freeze approach (which is shown to reproduce the correct emergent U(1) gauge theory in a quantum rotor model), we argue that the second model may contain helicity +/- 2 gapless excitations as the only type of low energy excitations with a linear dispersion om propto k.

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Cites work

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Cited in

(7)

• On the uniqueness of ghost-free special gravity
• Hall-like behaviour of higher rank Chern-Simons theory of fractons
• Symmetric tensor gauge theories on curved spaces
• Emergent gravity from relatively local Hamiltonians and a possible resolution of the black hole information puzzle
• Local subsystems in gauge theory and gravity
• Higher derivative theories for interacting massless gravitons in Minkowski spacetime
• Consciousness as a state of matter

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