Supersymmetric surface operators, four-manifold theory and invariants in various dimensions

DOI10.4310/ATMP.2011.V15.N1.A3zbMATH Open1253.81096arXiv1006.3313MaRDI QIDQ449507FDOQ449507

Meng-Chwan Tan

Publication date: 30 August 2012

Published in: Advances in Theoretical and Mathematical Physics (Search for Journal in Brave)

Abstract: We continue our program initiated in [arXiv:0912.4261] to consider supersymmetric surface operators in a topologically-twisted N=2 pure SU(2) gauge theory, and apply them to the study of four-manifolds and related invariants. Elegant physical proofs of various seminal theorems in four-manifold theory obtained by Ozsvath-Szabo [2,3] and Taubes [4], will be furnished. In particular, we will show that Taubes' groundbreaking and difficult result -- that the ordinary Seiberg-Witten invariants are in fact the Gromov invariants which count pseudo-holomorphic curves embedded in a symplectic four-manifold X -- nonetheless lends itself to a simple and concrete physical derivation in the presence of "ordinary" surface operators. As an offshoot, we will be led to several interesting and mathematically novel identities among the Gromov and "ramified" Seiberg-Witten invariants of X, which in certain cases, also involve the instanton and monopole Floer homologies of its three-submanifold. Via these identities, and a physical formulation of the "ramified" Donaldson invariants of four-manifolds with boundaries, we will uncover completely new and economical ways of deriving and understanding various important mathematical results concerning (i) knot homology groups from "ramified" instantons by Kronheimer-Mrowka [5]; and (ii) monopole Floer homology and Seiberg-Witten theory on symplectic four-manifolds by Kutluhan-Taubes [4,6]. Supersymmetry, as well as other physical concepts such as R-invariance, electric-magnetic duality, spontaneous gauge symmetry-breaking and localization onto supersymmetric configurations in topologically-twisted quantum field theories, play a pivotal role in our story.

Full work available at URL: https://arxiv.org/abs/1006.3313

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Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Topology of surfaces (Donaldson polynomials, Seiberg-Witten invariants) (14J80) Gromov-Witten invariants, quantum cohomology, Gopakumar-Vafa invariants, Donaldson-Thomas invariants (algebro-geometric aspects) (14N35) Symplectic manifolds (general theory) (53D05) Symplectic aspects of Floer homology and cohomology (53D40) Floer homology (57R58) Yang-Mills and other gauge theories in quantum field theory (81T13) Supersymmetric field theories in quantum mechanics (81T60)

Cited In (4)

• Instanton counting with a surface operator and the chain-saw quiver
• Surface Operators and Knot Homologies
• Superconformal invariance and the geography of four-manifolds
• Four-manifold geography and superconformal symmetry

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