Models of low-speed flow for near-critical fluids with gravitational and capillary effects

DOI10.1090/QAM/1738560MaRDI QIDQ4497991zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Authors Diane Denny, Robert L. Pego

Publication date 24 August 2000

Published in Quarterly of Applied Mathematics (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/physics/9803027

zbMATH Keywords

compressible single-phase fluidgravity wavesstratified fluidsstrong gravitythermodynamic equilibrium

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

PDEs in connection with fluid mechanics (35Q35) Existence, uniqueness, and regularity theory for compressible fluids and gas dynamics (76N10)

Abstract: We study low-speed flows of a highly compressible, single-phase fluid in the presence of gravity, for example in a regime appropriate for modeling recent space-shuttle experiments on fluids near the liquid-vapor critical point. In the equations of motion, we include forces due to capillary stresses that arise from a contribution made by strong density gradients to the free energy. We derive formally simplified sets of equations in a low-speed limit analogous to the zero Mach number limit in combustion theory. When viscosity is neglected and gravity is weak, the simplified system includes: a hyperbolic equation for velocity, a parabolic equation for temperature, an elliptic equation related to volume expansion, an integro-differential equation for mean pressure, and an algebraic equation (the equation of state). Solutions are determined by initial values for the mean pressure, the temperature field, and the divergence-free part of the velocity field. To model multidimensional flows with strong gravity, we offer an alternative to the anelastic approximation, one which admits stratified fluids in thermodynamic equilibrium, as well as gravity waves but not acoustic waves.

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Cited in

(2)

• An adaptation of the low Mach number approximation for supercritical fluid buoyant flows
• A phase field model for the mixture of two incompressible fluids and its approximation by a Fourier-spectral method

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