Quasi-Lagrangian systems of Newton equations

DOI10.1063/1.533098MaRDI QIDQ4498511zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Authors S. Rauch-Wojciechowski, K. Marciniak, Hans Lundmark

Publication date 16 August 2000

Published in Journal of Mathematical Physics (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/solv-int/9909025

zbMATH Keywords

complete integrabilityfundamental equationNewton equationslinear second-order PDEquadratic first integralsembedding into five-dimensional Hamiltonian systemsquasi-Lagrangian system

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Lagrange's equations (70H03) Completely integrable systems and methods of integration for problems in Hamiltonian and Lagrangian mechanics (70H06) Dynamical systems in classical and celestial mechanics (37N05)

Abstract: Systems of Newton equations of the form $ddotq=-1/2A^{-1}(q)ablak$ with an integral of motion quadratic in velocities are studied. These equations generalize the potential case (when A=I, the identity matrix) and they admit a curious quasi-Lagrangian formulation which differs from the standard Lagrange equations by the plus sign between terms. A theory of such quasi-Lagrangian Newton (qLN) systems having two functionally independent integrals of motion is developed with focus on two-dimensional systems. Such systems admit a bi-Hamiltonian formulation and are proved to be completely integrable by embedding into five-dimensional integrable systems. They are characterized by a linear, second-order PDE which we call the fundamental equation. Fundamental equations are classified through linear pencils of matrices associated with qLN systems. The theory is illustrated by two classes of systems: separable potential systems and driven systems. New separation variables for driven systems are found. These variables are based on sets of non-confocal conics. An effective criterion for existence of a qLN formulation of a given system is formulated and applied to dynamical systems of the Henon-Heiles type.

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Cites work

• A generalized Henon–Heiles system and related integrable Newton equations
• Integrable one-particle potentials related to the Neumann system and the Jacobi problem of geodesic motion on an ellipsoid.
• The Hénon-Heiles system revisited
• Two families of nonstandard Poisson structures for Newton equations

Cited in

(26)

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• On integrable perturbations of harmonic oscillator.
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• Multiplication for solutions of the equation grad f = M grad g
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• Multiplication of solutions for linear overdetermined systems of partial differential equations
• Higher-Dimensional Integrable Newton Systems with Quadratic Integrals of Motion
• A New Class of Integrable Newton Systems
• A class of nonconservative Lagrangian systems on Riemannian manifolds.
• On stability of some Newton systems
• A technique to identify solvable dynamical systems, and a solvable generalization of the goldfish many-body problem
• Driven Newton equations and separable time-dependent potentials
• Special symmetric two-tensors, equivalent dynamical systems, cofactor and bi-cofactor systems
• Hamiltonian description of nonlinear curl forces from cofactor systems
• When knowledge of a single integral of motion is sufficient for integration of Newton equations \(\ddot{q}=M(q)\)
• Separable Hamiltonian equations on Riemann manifolds and related integrable hydrodynamic systems.
• Non-Hamiltonian systems separable by Hamilton-Jacobi method
• Projective dynamics and classical gravitation
• Separability in Riemannian manifolds

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