d-dimensional oscillating scalar field lumps and the dimensionality of space

Publication date 19 September 2012

Abstract: Extremely long-lived, time-dependent, spatially-bound scalar field configurations are shown to exist in

d

spatial dimensions for a wide class of polynomial interactions parameterized as

V (p h i) = s u m_{n = 1}^{h} f r a c g_{n} n! p h i^{n}

. Assuming spherical symmetry and if

V^{″} < 0

for a range of values of

p h i (t, r)

, such configurations exist if: i) spatial dimensionality is below an upper-critical dimension

d_{c}

; ii) their radii are above a certain value

R_{m m i n}

. Both

d_{c}

and

R_{m m i n}

are uniquely determined by

V (p h i)

. For example, symmetric double-well potentials only sustain such configurations if

d l e q 6

and

R^{2} g e q d [3 (2^{3 / 2} / 3)^{d} - 2]^{- 1 / 2}

. Asymmetries may modify the value of

d_{c}

. All main analytical results are confirmed numerically. Such objects may offer novel ways to probe the dimensionality of space.

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