A class of exactly-solvable eigenvalue problems

DOI10.1088/0305-4470/34/46/307MaRDI QIDQ4533680zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Authors Qing-hai Wang, Carl M. Bender

Publication date 11 June 2002

Published in Journal of Physics A: Mathematical and General (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/math-ph/0109007

zbMATH Keywords

Airy functioneigenvalue problemLaguerre polynomialsorthogonal polynomials

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Explicit solutions, first integrals of ordinary differential equations (34A05) General spectral theory of ordinary differential operators (34L05) Applications of boundary value problems involving ordinary differential equations (34B60)

Abstract: The class of differential-equation eigenvalue problems $-y^{″}(x)+x^{2N+2}y(x)=x^{N}Ey(x)$ ($N=-1,0,1,2,3,\mathrm{...}$) on the interval $-infty<x<infty$ can be solved in closed form for all the eigenvalues $E$ and the corresponding eigenfunctions $y(x)$. The eigenvalues are all integers and the eigenfunctions are all confluent hypergeometric functions. The eigenfunctions can be rewritten as products of polynomials and functions that decay exponentially as $xopminfty$. For odd $N$ the polynomials that are obtained in this way are new and interesting classes of orthogonal polynomials. For example, when N=1, the eigenfunctions are orthogonal polynomials in $x^3$ multiplying Airy functions of $x^2$. The properties of the polynomials for all $N$ are described in detail.

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