Pulsing corals: a story of scale and mixing

DOI10.11145/J.BIOMATH.2017.12.169MaRDI QIDQ4556252zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Authors Julia E. Samson, Nicholas A. Battista, Shilpa Khatri, L. A. Miller

Publication date 23 November 2018

Published in Biomath (Search for Journal in Brave)

Copyright license Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/1709.04996

zbMATH Keywords

computational fluid dynamicscoral reefsfluid-structure interactionimmersed boundarypulsing coral

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Physiological flows (76Z05) Physiological flow (92C35) Animal behavior (92D50)

Abstract: Effective methods of fluid transport vary across scale. A commonly used dimensionless number for quantifying the effective scale of fluid transport is the Reynolds number, Re, which gives the ratio of inertial to viscous forces. What may work well for one Re regime may not produce significant flows for another. These differences in scale have implications for many organisms, ranging from the mechanics of how organisms move through their fluid environment to how hearts pump at various stages in development. Some organisms, such as soft pulsing corals, actively contract their tentacles to generate mixing currents that enhance photosynthesis. Their unique morphology and intermediate scale where both viscous and inertial forces are significant make them a unique model organism for understanding fluid mixing. In this paper, 3D fluid-structure interaction simulations of a pulsing soft coral are used to quantify fluid transport and fluid mixing across a wide range of Re. The results show that net transport is negligible for $Re<10$, and continuous upward flow is produced for $Regeq10$.

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