On p-values

DOI10.5705/SS.202016.0507MaRDI QIDQ4558616zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Authors Laurie Davies

Publication date 22 November 2018

Published in STATISTICA SINICA (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/1611.06168

zbMATH Keywords

\(p\)-values and approximationapproximate modelsapproximation regionschoice of covariatesfunctionalshypothesis testinglinear regressionprediction

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Foundations and philosophical topics in statistics (62A01) Parametric hypothesis testing (62F03) Linear regression; mixed models (62J05)

Abstract: Models are consistently treated as approximations and all procedures are consistent with this. They do not treat the model as being true. In this context $p$-values are one measure of approximation, a small $p$-value indicating a poor approximation. Approximation regions are defined and distinguished from confidence regions.

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(9)

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• On approximate validation of models: a Kolmogorov-Smirnov-based approach
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• Nonuniformity of p-values can occur early in diverging dimensions
• Significance test for linear regression: how to test without P-values?
• The \(p\)-value interpreted as the posterior probability of explaining the data: applications to multiple testing and to restricted parameter spaces
• Statistics: truth, ontology, approximation, honesty and indoctrination
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