Lyapunov-maximizing measures for pairs of weighted shift operators
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Publication:4559435
Abstract: Motivated by recent investigations of ergodic optimisation for matrix cocycles, we study the measures of maximum top Lyapunov exponent for pairs of bounded weighted shift operators on a separable Hilbert space. We prove that for generic pairs of weighted shift operators the Lyapunov-maximising measure is unique, and show that there exist pairs of operators whose unique Lyapunov-maximising measure takes any prescribed value less than for its metric entropy. We also show that in contrast to the matrix case, the Lyapunov-maximising measures of pairs of bounded operators are in general not characterised by their supports: we construct explicitly a pair of operators, and a pair of ergodic measures on the 2-shift with identical supports, such that one of the two measures is Lyapunov-maximising for the pair of operators and the other measure is not. Our proofs make use of the Ornstein -metric to estimate differences in the top Lyapunov exponent of a pair of weighted shift operators as the underlying measure is varied.
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