Minimax estimation of qubit states with Bures risk

DOI10.1088/1751-8121/AAB6F2zbMATH Open1390.81113arXiv1708.04941OpenAlexW2747088508MaRDI QIDQ4565048FDOQ4565048

Authors: Anirudh Acharya, Mădălin Guţă 

Publication date: 7 June 2018

Published in: Journal of Physics A: Mathematical and Theoretical (Search for Journal in Brave)

Abstract: The central problem of quantum statistics is to devise measurement schemes for the estimation of an unknown state, given an ensemble of $n$ independent identically prepared systems. For locally quadratic loss functions, the risk of standard procedures has the usual scaling of $1/n$. However, it has been noticed that for fidelity based metrics such as the Bures distance, the risk of conventional (non-adaptive) qubit tomography schemes scales as $1/sqrtn$ for states close to the boundary of the Bloch sphere. Several proposed estimators appear to improve this scaling, and our goal is to analyse the problem from the perspective of the maximum risk over all states. We propose qubit estimation strategies based on separate and adaptive measurements, that achieve $1/n$ scalings for the maximum Bures risk. The estimator involving local measurements uses a fixed fraction of the available resource $n$ to estimate the Bloch vector direction; the length of the Bloch vector is then estimated from the remaining copies by measuring in the estimator eigenbasis. The estimator based on collective measurements uses local asymptotic normality techniques which allows us derive upper and lower bounds to its maximum Bures risk. We also discuss how to construct a minimax optimal estimator in this setup. Finally, we consider quantum relative entropy and show that the risk of the estimator based on collective measurements achieves a rate $O(n^{-1}logn)$ under this loss function. Furthermore, we show that no estimator can achieve faster rates, in particular the `standard' rate $1/n$.

Full work available at URL: https://arxiv.org/abs/1708.04941

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zbMATH Keywords

quantum tomographystate estimationlocal asymptotic normalityminimax estimationquantum relative entropyBures distance

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Measures of information, entropy (94A17) Quantum measurement theory, state operations, state preparations (81P15) Quantum coherence, entanglement, quantum correlations (81P40) Quantum state spaces, operational and probabilistic concepts (81P16) Quantum state estimation, approximate cloning (81P50)

Cites Work

• The asymptotic minimax risk for the estimation of constrained binomial and multinomial probabilities
• Optimal estimation of qubit states with continuous time measurements
• Strong consistency and asymptotic efficiency for adaptive quantum estimation problems
• Bernstein polynomials and learning theory
• Essentials of Statistical Inference
• Practical adaptive quantum tomography
• Statistical analysis of compressive low rank tomography with random measurements

Cited In (4)

• Minimum Decision Cost for Quantum Ensembles
• A comparative study of estimation methods in quantum tomography
• Multi-parameter estimation beyond quantum Fisher information
• A simple minimax estimator for quantum states

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