On multiplicativity of Fourier coefficients at cusps other than infinity

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Abstract: This paper treats the problem of determining conditions for the Fourier coefficients of a Maass-Hecke newform at cusps other than infinity to be multiplicative. To be precise, the Fourier coefficients are defined using a choice of matrix in SL(2, Z) which maps infinity to the cusp in question. Let c and d be the entries in the bottom row of this matrix, and let N be the level. In earlier work with Dorian Goldfeld and Min Lee, we proved that the coefficients will be multiplicative whenever N divides 2cd. This paper proves that they will not be multiplicative unless N divides 576cd. Further, if one assumes that the Hecke eigenvalue vanishes less than half the time then this number drops to 48cd.


The paper investigates necessary conditions for the existence of a Maass-Hecke newform whose Fourier coefficients are multiplicative at cusps other than infinity. The coefficients are defined using a choice of matrix in \(\mathrm{SL}(2, \mathbb{Z})\), which maps infinity to the cusps in question. Let \(N\) be the minimal level of the form \(f\). It was proved earlier that the coefficients will not be multiplicative whenever \(N\) divides \(2cd\), where the numbers \(c\) and \(d\) represent pair of the matrix second row entries. The author proves that if the coefficients are multiplicative, than \(nN\) divides \(576cd\). He studies the case in which \(N \mid 4cd\) and \(N \nmid 2cd\).





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