Clustering time series under the Fréchet distance

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Abstract: The Fr'echet distance is a popular distance measure for curves. We study the problem of clustering time series under the Fr'echet distance. In particular, we give (1+varepsilon)-approximation algorithms for variations of the following problem with parameters k and ell. Given n univariate time series P, each of complexity at most m, we find k time series, not necessarily from P, which we call emph{cluster centers} and which each have complexity at most ell, such that (a) the maximum distance of an element of P to its nearest cluster center or (b) the sum of these distances is minimized. Our algorithms have running time near-linear in the input size for constant varepsilon, k and ell. To the best of our knowledge, our algorithms are the first clustering algorithms for the Fr'echet distance which achieve an approximation factor of (1+varepsilon) or better. Keywords: time series, longitudinal data, functional data, clustering, Fr'echet distance, dynamic time warping, approximation algorithms.





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