Representation of integers by cyclotomic binary forms

Abstract: The homogeneous form

P h i_{n} (X, Y)

of degree

v a r p h i (n)

which is associated with the cyclotomic polynomial

p h i_{n} (X)

is dubbed a {it cyclotomic binary form}. A positive integer

m g e 1

is said to be {it representable by a cyclotomic binary form} if there exist integers

n, x, y

with

n g e 3

and

m a x | x |, | y | g e 2

such that

P h i_{n} (x, y) = m

. We prove that the number

a_{m}

of such representations of

m

by a cyclotomic binary form is finite. More precisely, we have

, v a r p h i (n) l e (2 / l o g 3) l o g m,

and

, m a x | x |, | y | l e (2 / s q r t 3), m^{1 / v a r p h i (n)} .,

We give a description of the asymptotic cardinality of the set of values taken by the forms for

n g e q 3

. This will imply that the set of integers

m

such that

a_{m} e q 0

has natural density 0. We will deduce that the average value of the integers

a_{m}

among the nonzero values of

a_{m}

grows like

s q r t l o g, m

.

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