S-parts of values of univariate polynomials, binary forms and decomposable forms at integral points

DOI10.4064/AA170828-7-3zbMATH Open1410.11025arXiv1708.08290OpenAlexW2963314630MaRDI QIDQ4581958FDOQ4581958

Authors: Yann Bugeaud, Jan-Hendrik Evertse, Kálmán Győry 

Publication date: 21 August 2018

Published in: Acta Arithmetica (Search for Journal in Brave)

Abstract: Let $S$ be a finite set of primes. The $S$-part $[m{]}_S$ of a non-zero integer $m$ is the largest positive divisor of $m$ that is composed of primes from $S$. In 2013, Gross and Vincent proved that if $f(X)$ is a polynomial with integer coefficients and with at least two roots in the complex numbers, then for every integer $x$ at which $f(x)$ is non-zero, we have (*) $[f(x){]}_{S}leqccdot|f(x){|}^d$, where $c$ and $d$ are effectively computable and $d<1$. Their proof uses Baker-type estimates for linear forms in complex logarithms of algebraic numbers. As an easy application of the $p$-adic Thue-Siegel-Roth theorem we show that if $f(X)$ has degree $ngeq2$ and no multiple roots, then an inequality such as (*) holds for all $d>1/n$, provided we do not require effectivity of $c$. Further, we show that such an inequality does not hold anymore with $d=1/n$ and sufficiently small $c$. In addition we prove a density result, giving for every $epsilon>0$ an asymptotic estimate with the right order of magnitude for the number of integers $x$ with absolute value at most $B$ such that $f(x)$ has $S$-part at least $|f(x){|}^{epsilon}$. The result of Gross and Vincent, as well as the other results mentioned above, are generalized to values of binary forms and decomposable forms at integral points. Our main tools are Baker type estimates for linear forms in complex and $p$-adic logarithms, the $p$-adic Subspace Theorem of Schmidt and Schlickewei, and a recent general lattice point counting result of Barroero and Widmer.

Full work available at URL: https://arxiv.org/abs/1708.08290

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zbMATH Keywords

polynomialsbinary formssubspace theoremdecomposable formsBaker theoryS-part

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Counting solutions of Diophantine equations (11D45) Multiplicative and norm form equations (11D57) Thue-Mahler equations (11D59) Linear forms in logarithms; Baker's method (11J86) Schmidt Subspace Theorem and applications (11J87)

Cites Work

• An explicit lower bound for a homogeneous rational linear form in logarithms of algebraic numbers. II
• On the Number of Solutions of Polynomial Congruences and Thue Equations
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• On the approximation of algebraic numbers. III: On the average numbers of representations of large numbers by binary forms
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Cited In (6)

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• On the digital representation of integers with bounded prime factors
• Effective simultaneous rational approximation to pairs of real quadratic numbers
• \(S\)-parts of sums of terms of linear recurrence sequences
• A Note on the Sum of a Prime and a Polynomial
• \(S\)-parts of values of univariate polynomials

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