Exotica and the status of the strong cosmic censor conjecture in four dimensions

DOI10.1088/1361-6382/AA945BzbMATH Open1381.83087arXiv1707.09180OpenAlexW3101588196WikidataQ123004161 ScholiaQ123004161MaRDI QIDQ4601787FDOQ4601787

Authors: Gábor Etesi 

Publication date: 24 January 2018

Published in: Classical and Quantum Gravity (Search for Journal in Brave)

Abstract: An immense class of physical counterexamples to the four dimensional strong cosmic censor conjecture---in its usual broad formulation---is exhibited. More precisely, out of any closed and simply connected 4-manifold an open Ricci-flat Lorentzian 4-manifold is constructed which is not globally hyperbolic and no perturbation of it, in any sense, can be globally hyperbolic. This very stable non-global-hyperbolicity is the consequence of our open spaces having a "creased end" i.e., an end diffeomorphic to an exotic ${mathbbR}^4$. Open manifolds having an end like this is a typical phenomenon in four dimensions. The construction is based on a collection of results of Gompf and Taubes on exotic and self-dual spaces, respectively, as well as applying Penrose' non-linear graviton construction (i.e., twistor theory) to solve the Riemannian Einstein's equation. These solutions then are converted into stably non-globally-hyperbolic Lorentzian vacuum solutions. It follows that the plethora of vacuum solutions we found cannot be obtained via the initial value formulation of the Einstein's equation because they are "too long" in a certain sense (explained in the text). This different (i.e., not based on the initial value formulation but twistorial) technical background might partially explain why the existence of vacuum solutions of this kind have not been realized so far in spite of the fact that, apparently, their superabundance compared to the well-known globally hyperbolic vacuum solutions is overwhelming.

Full work available at URL: https://arxiv.org/abs/1707.09180

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zbMATH Keywords

twistorexotic \(\mathbb{R}^4\)strong cosmic censor conjecture

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Applications of differential geometry to physics (53Z05) Einstein's equations (general structure, canonical formalism, Cauchy problems) (83C05) Space-time singularities, cosmic censorship, etc. (83C75) Differentiable structures in differential topology (57R55) Spinor and twistor methods in general relativity and gravitational theory; Newman-Penrose formalism (83C60)

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Cited In (4)

• Global solvability of the vacuum Einstein equation and the strong cosmic censorship in four dimensions
• Exotica or the failure of the strong cosmic censorship in four dimensions
• Cosmic censorship of smooth structures
• From quantum-mechanical lattice of projections to smooth structure of \(\mathbb{R}^4\)

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