The geometric Hopf invariant and surgery theory

DOI10.1007/978-3-319-71306-9MaRDI QIDQ4602202zbMATHOpenAlexFDO

Authors Michael C. Crabb, Andrew Ranicki

Publication date 9 January 2018

Published in Springer Monographs in Mathematics (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/1602.08832

bordism stable homotopy theory normal map Hopf invariant quadratic construction surgery obstructions umkehr maps

Surgery obstructions, Wall groups (57R67) Surgery and handlebodies (57R65) Research exposition (monographs, survey articles) pertaining to algebraic topology (55-02) Stable homotopy groups (55Q10) Hopf invariants (55Q25)

Abstract: The first author's geometric Hopf invariant of a stable map

F : S i g m a^{i n f t y} X o S i g m a^{i n f t y} Y

is a stable

{m a t h b b Z}_{2}

-equivariant map

h (F) : S i g m a^{i n f t y} X o S i g m a^{i n f t y} (Y w e d g e Y)

constructed by an explicit difference construction applied to

(F w e d g e F) D e l t a_{X} - D e l t a_{Y} F

. The stable

{m a t h b b Z}_{2}

-equivariant homotopy class of

h (F)

is the primary obstruction to desuspending

F

up to homotopy. The explicit nature of the construction allows for a

p i

-equivariant version of

h (F)

in the case of a

p i

-equivariant

F

, with

p i

a discrete group. In earlier joint work we applied the

p i_{1} (N)

-equivariant geometric Hopf invariant of the Umkehr map

F : S i g m a^{i n f t y} N^{+} o S i g m a^{i n f t y} T (u_{f})

of an immersion

f : M o N

to capture the double points of

f

in

{m a t h b b Z}_{2}

-equivariant homotopy theory. In this manuscript we use the

p i

-equivariant geometric Hopf invariant

h (F)

to unify all the previous homotopy theoretic treatments of double points. Furthermore,

h (F)

is combined with the second author's algebraic surgery theory of chain complexes with Poincar'e duality to provide the homotopy theoretic foundations for non-simply-connected geometric surgery. For an

n

-dimensional normal map

(f, b) : M o X

the

p i_{1} (X)

-equivariant geometric Hopf invariant

h (F)

of the Umkehr map

F : S i g m a^{i n f t y} X^{+} o S i g m a^{i n f t y} M^{+}

is shown to induce the

p i_{1} (X)

-equivariant quadratic structure

p s i_{F}

on the chain complex kernel

C

of

(f, b)

. Previously

p s i_{F}

had only been constructed using the chain complex analogue of the functional Steenrod squares. The Wall surgery obstruction

s i g m a_{*} (f, b) = (C, p s i_{F}) i n L_{n} (m a t h b b Z [p i_{1} (X)])

is the cobordism class of the corresponding

n

-dimensional quadratic Poincar'e complex

(C, p s i_{F})

, as in the original theory.

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