Calculating the density of solutions of equations related to the Pólya–Ostrowski group through Markov chains

DOI10.4064/AA170605-6-3MaRDI QIDQ4614197zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Publication date 30 January 2019

Published in Acta Arithmetica (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/1803.04280

\(q\)-additive functions distribution modulo d integer-valued polynomials Markov chain natural density Pólya-Ostrowski group

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Density, gaps, topology (11B05) Polynomials in number theory (11C08) Dedekind, Prüfer, Krull and Mori rings and their generalizations (13F05) Polynomial rings and ideals; rings of integer-valued polynomials (13F20) Markov chains (discrete-time Markov processes on discrete state spaces) (60J10)

Abstract: Motivated by a problem in the theory of integer-valued polynomials, we investigate the natural density of the solutions of equations of the form

, where

d, q g e q 2

are fixed integers,

h e t a_{u}, h e t a_{w}, h e t a_{2}, h e t a_{1}, h e t a_{0}

are parameters and

u_{q}

and

w_{q}

are functions related to the

q

-adic valuations of the numbers between 1 and

n

. We show that the number of solutions of this equation in

[0, N)

satisfies a recurrence relation, with which we can associate to any pair

(d, q)

a stochastic matrix and a Markov chain. Using this interpretation, we calculate the density for the case

h e t a_{u} = h e t a_{2} = 0

and for the case

h e t a_{u} = 1

,

h e t a_{w} = h e t a_{2} = h e t a_{1} = 0

and either

d | q

or

d

and

q

are coprime.

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Cites work

Cited in

(1)

The *-Markov equation for Laurent polynomials

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