The first-order logic of hyperproperties

DOI10.4230/LIPICS.STACS.2017.30zbMATH Open1402.03036arXiv1610.04388OpenAlexW2539229089MaRDI QIDQ4636628FDOQ4636628

Bernd Finkbeiner, Martín G. Zimmermann

Publication date: 19 April 2018

Abstract: We investigate the logical foundations of hyperproperties. Hyperproperties generalize trace properties, which are sets of traces, to sets of sets of traces. The most prominent application of hyperproperties is information flow security: information flow policies characterize the secrecy and integrity of a system by comparing two or more execution traces, for example by comparing the observations made by an external observer on execution traces that result from different values of a secret variable. In this paper, we establish the first connection between temporal logics for hyperproperties and first-order logic. Kamp's seminal theorem (in the formulation due to Gabbay et al.) states that linear-time temporal logic (LTL) is expressively equivalent to first-order logic over the natural numbers with order. We introduce first-order logic over sets of traces and prove that HyperLTL, the extension of LTL to hyperproperties, is strictly subsumed by this logic. We furthermore exhibit a fragment that is expressively equivalent to HyperLTL, thereby establishing Kamp's theorem for hyperproperties.

Full work available at URL: https://arxiv.org/abs/1610.04388

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zbMATH Keywords

first-order logiclinear temporal logichyperproperties

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Subsystems of classical logic (including intuitionistic logic) (03B20) Temporal logic (03B44) Logic in computer science (03B70)

Cited In (16)

• HyperATL*: A Logic for Hyperproperties in Multi-Agent Systems
• A temporal logic for asynchronous hyperproperties
• Model checking algorithms for hyperproperties (invited paper)
• Compositional model checking for multi-properties
• Good-for-Game QPTL: An Alternating Hodges Semantics
• Title not available (Why is that?)
• Explaining Hyperproperty Violations
• On the expressive power of TeamLTL and first-order team logic over hyperproperties
• On the complexity of linear temporal logic with team semantics
• A remark on the expressivity of asynchronous TeamLTL and HyperLTL
• Synthesis from hyperproperties
• Flavors of sequential information flow
• Deciding hyperproperties combined with functional specifications
• Temporal team semantics revisited
• Second-order hyperproperties
• Team semantics for the specification and verification of hyperproperties

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