Closed, oriented, connected 3-manifolds are subtle equivalence classes of plane graphs

DOI10.1142/S0218216518500773zbMATH Open1402.05048arXiv1305.4540OpenAlexW2741846227WikidataQ129143751 ScholiaQ129143751MaRDI QIDQ4645686FDOQ4645686

Diogo B. Henriques, Sóstenes Lins

Publication date: 10 January 2019

Published in: Journal of Knot Theory and Its Ramifications (Search for Journal in Brave)

Abstract: A {em blink} is a plane graph with an arbitrary bipartition of its edges. As a consequence of a recent result of Martelli, I show that the homeomorphisms classes of closed oriented 3-manifolds are in 1-1 correspondence with specific classes of blinks. In these classes, two blinks are equivalent if they are linked by a finite sequence of local moves, where each one appears in a concrete list of 64 moves: they organize in 8 types, each being essentially the same move on 8 simply related configurations. The size of the list can be substantially decreased at the cost of loosing symmetry, just by keeping a very simple move type, the {em ribbon moves} denoted $pmm{u}_{11}^{pm}$ (which are in principle redundant). The inclusion of $pmm{u}_{11}^{pm}$ implies that all the moves corresponding to plane duality (the starred moves), except for $m{u}_{20}^{s}tar$ and $m{u}_{02}^{s}tar$, are redundant and the coin calculus is reduced to 36 moves on 36 coins. A {em residual fraction link} or a {em flink}, is a new object which generalizes {em blackboard-framed link}. It plays an important role in this work. I try to make the topological exposition as complete as possible: about half of the exposition deals with the topological preliminaries. The objective is to make it easier for the combinatorially oriented readers to understand the paper. It is in the aegis of this work to find new important connections between 3-manifolds and plane graphs.

Full work available at URL: https://arxiv.org/abs/1305.4540

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zbMATH Keywords

plane graphs3-manifoldshomeomorphismsblackboard-framed link

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Graph algorithms (graph-theoretic aspects) (05C85) Planar graphs; geometric and topological aspects of graph theory (05C10) Graph minors (05C83) Relations of low-dimensional topology with graph theory (57M15)

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• A calculus for framed links in \(S^3\)
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• A FINITE SET OF LOCAL MOVES FOR KIRBY CALCULUS
• Three-manifolds and the Temperley-Lieb algebra

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