Locality estimates for Fresnel-wave-propagation and stability of X-ray phase contrast imaging with finite detectors
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Publication:4646398
Abstract: Coherent wave-propagation in the near-field Fresnel-regime is the underlying contrast-mechanism to (propagation-based) X-ray phase contrast imaging (XPCI), an emerging lensless technique that enables 2D- and 3D-imaging of biological soft tissues and other light-element samples down to nanometer-resolutions. Mathematically, propagation is described by the Fresnel-propagator, a convolution with an arbitrarily non-local kernel. As real-world detectors may only capture a finite field-of-view, this non-locality implies that the recorded diffraction-patterns are necessarily incomplete. This raises the question of stability of image-reconstruction from the truncated data -- even if the complex-valued wave-field, and not just its modulus, could be measured. Contrary to the latter restriction of the acquisition, known as the phase-problem, the finite-detector-problem has not received much attention in literature. The present work therefore analyzes locality of Fresnel-propagation in order to establish stability of XPCI with finite detectors. Image-reconstruction is shown to be severely ill-posed in this setting -- even without a phase-problem. However, quantitative estimates of the leaked wave-field reveal that Lipschitz-stability holds down to a sharp resolution limit that depends on the detector-size and varies within the field-of-view. The smallest resolvable lengthscale is found to be 1/F times the detector's aspect length, where F is the Fresnel number associated with the latter scale. The stability results are extended to phaseless imaging in the linear contrast-transfer-function regime.
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Cited in
(4)- Editorial: Inverse wave propagation problems without phase information
- Inverse problems in propagation-based X-ray phase contrast imaging and tomography: stability analysis and reconstruction methods
- Stability estimates for linearized near-field phase retrieval in X-ray phase contrast imaging
- Total variation-based reconstruction and phase retrieval for diffraction tomography
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