Considerations on the Unruh effect: causality and regularization

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Abstract: This article is motivated by the observation, that calculations of the Unruh effect based on idealized particle detectors are usually made in a way that involves integrations along the {em entire} detector trajectory up to the infinitely remote {em future}. We derive an expression which allows time-dependence of the detector response in the case of a non-stationary trajectory and conforms more explicitely to the principle of causality, namely that the response at a given instant of time depends only on the detectors {em past} movements. On trying to reproduce the thermal Unruh spectrum we are led to an unphysical result, which we trace down to the use of the standard regularization tot−ieps of the correlation function. By consistently employing a rigid detector of finite extension, we are led to a different regularization which works fine with our causal response function.





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