Exact quantum solutions of extraordinary N -body problems

DOI10.1098/RSPA.1999.0450MaRDI QIDQ4719969zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Authors Donald Lynden-Bell, R. M. Lynden-Bell

Publication date 8 February 2000

Published in Proceedings of the Royal Society of London. Series A: Mathematical and Physical Sciences (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/cond-mat/9904019

zbMATH Keywords

eigenstatesinteracting fermions\(N\)-body Schrödinger equationboson-condensates

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Many-body theory; quantum Hall effect (81V70)

Abstract: The wave functions of Boson and Fermion gases are known even when the particles have harmonic interactions. Here we generalise these results by solving exactly the N-body Schrodinger equation for potentials V that can be any function of the sum of the squares of the distances of the particles from one another in 3 dimensions. For the harmonic case that function is linear in r^2. Explicit N-body solutions are given when U(r) = -2M hbar^{-2} V(r) = zeta r^{-1} - zeta_2 r^{-2}. Here M is the sum of the masses and r^2 = 1/2 M^{-2} Sigma Sigma m_I m_J ({�f x}_I - {�f x}_J)^2. For general U(r) the solution is given in terms of the one or two body problem with potential U(r) in 3 dimensions. The degeneracies of the levels are derived for distinguishable particles, for Bosons of spin zero and for spin 1/2 Fermions. The latter involve significant combinatorial analysis which may have application to the shell model of atomic nuclei. For large N the Fermionic ground state gives the binding energy of a degenerate white dwarf star treated as a giant atom with an N-body wave function. The N-body forces involved in these extraordinary N-body problems are not the usual sums of two body interactions, but nor are forces between quarks or molecules. Bose-Einstein condensation of particles in 3 dimensions interacting via these strange potentials can be treated by this method.

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Cited in

(12)

• Nonequilibrium representative ensembles for isolated quantum systems
• Exact solutions of the relativistic many body problem
• The quantumn-body problem in dimensiond⩾n– 1: ground state
• Gaussian wave functions and the many-body problem
• Many-body problem with quadratic and/or inversely-quadratic potentials in one- and more-dimensional spaces: some retrospective remarks
• Analytic solutions of topologically disjoint systems
• The quantum \(N\)-body problem
• The quantumN-body problem in the mean-field and semiclassical regime
• Exact eigenfunctions of \(N\)-body system with quadratic pair potential
• A QUASI-EXACTLY SOLVABLE N-BODY PROBLEM WITH THE sl(N+1) ALGEBRAIC STRUCTURE
• Exact ground state of several N-body problems with an N-body potential
• Equivalent linear two-body equations for many-body systems.

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