A classification of coverings yielding Heun-to-hypergeometric reductions

zbMATH Open1309.33024arXiv1204.2730MaRDI QIDQ479192FDOQ479192

Authors: Raimundas Vidunas, Galina Filipuk 

Publication date: 5 December 2014

Published in: Osaka Journal of Mathematics (Search for Journal in Brave)

Abstract: Pull-back transformations between Heun and Gauss hypergeometric equations give useful expressions of Heun functions in terms of better understood hypergeometric functions. This article classifies, up to Mobius automorphisms, the coverings P1-to-P1 that yield pull-back transformations from hypergeometric to Heun equations with at least one free parameter (excluding the cases when the involved hypergeometric equation has cyclic or dihedral monodromy). In all, 61 parametric hypergeometric-to-Heun transformations are found, of maximal degree 12. Among them, 28 pull-backs are compositions of smaller degree transformations between hypergeometric and Heun functions. The 61 transformations are realized by 48 different Belyi coverings (though 2 coverings should be counted twice as their moduli field is quadratic). The same Belyi coverings appear in several other contexts. For example, 38 of the coverings appear in Herfutner's list of elliptic surfaces over P1 with four singular fibers, as their j-invariants. In passing, we demonstrate an elegant way to show that there are no coverings P1-to-P1 with some branching patterns.

Full work available at URL: https://arxiv.org/abs/1204.2730

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zbMATH Keywords

hypergeometric functionsBelyi coveringsHerfurtner's list of elliptic surfaces[https://portal.mardi4nfdi.de/w/index.php?title=+Special%3ASearch&search=M%EF%BF%BD%EF%BF%BDbius+automorphism&go=Go M��bius automorphism]pullback transformation

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Classical hypergeometric functions, ({}_2F_1) (33C05) Other functions coming from differential, difference and integral equations (33E30) Low-dimensional topology of special (e.g., branched) coverings (57M12)

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Cited In (13)

• Composite genus one Belyi maps
• Genus one Belyi maps by quadratic correspondences
• The third five-parametric hypergeometric quantum-mechanical potential
• Expansions of the solutions of the general Heun equation governed by two-term recurrence relations for coefficients
• Heun functions and diagonals of rational functions
• Generalized hypergeometric solutions of the Heun equation
• On metrics of curvature 1 with four conic singularities on tori and on the sphere
• Belyi functions for hyperbolic hypergeometric-to-Heun transformations
• On the derivatives of the Heun functions
• Klein-Gordon potentials solvable in terms of the general Heun functions
• Schrödinger potentials solvable in terms of the general Heun functions
• Parametric transformations between the Heun and Gauss hypergeometric functions
• Heun equations coming from geometry

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