Symbolic generic initial systems of star configurations
The theory of asymptotic invariants attached to families of graded ideals plays an important role in the contemporary studies on algebraic geometry. In the present note the authors prove a quite technical result on the so-called limiting shapes of generic initial system associated with star configurations in \(\mathbb{P}^{n}\). Let \(S(n) = \mathbb{K}[x_{1}, \dots,x_{n}]\) be a polynomial ring over a field \(\mathbb{K}\) of characteristic zero and \(\prec\) denotes the reverse lexicographic order on monomials in \(S(n)\). For a homogeneous ideal \(I \subset S(n)\) denote by \(\mathrm{in}(I)\) the initial ideal of \(I\), i.e. the ideal generated by leading terms of all elements of \(I\) with respect to \(\prec\). Recall that \(GL(n,\mathbb{K})\) acts on \(S(n)\) by the change of coordinates. It can be showed that for a homogeneous ideal I and a generic choice of coordinates \(g\) the initial ideal \(\mathrm{in}(gI)\) is \(\mathbb{T}\)-invariant, where \(\mathbb{T}\) denotes the Borel subgroup of \(\mathrm{GL}((n,\mathbb{K})\) consisting of upper-triangular matrices. If \(g\) is such a change, then we write \(\mathrm{gin}(I)\) for \(\mathrm{in}(gI)\). The ideal \(\mathrm{gin}(I)\) is called the generic initial ideal. It is worth to point out that gin's capture some numerical invariants of original ideals, for instance the Castelnuovo-Mumford regularity \(\text{reg} (\mathrm{gin}(I)) = \text{reg} (I)\). In [J. Pure Appl. Algebra 218, No. 3, 381--390 (2014; Zbl 1283.13025)], \textit{S. Mayes} introduced the notion of limiting shapes associated with an ideal \(I\) as the asymptotic Newton polytope \[ \triangle(I) = \bigcup_{m=1}^{\infty} \frac{1}{m} P(\mathrm{gin}(I^{(m)})), \] where \(I^{(m)}\) denotes the \(m\)-th symbolic power of \(I\) and \(P(*)\) is the Newton polytope. The main result of this note can be formulated as follows. Theorem. Let \(I_{n,s,n}\) be the ideal of points defined as \(n\)-fold intersection points of \(s \geq n\) general hyperplanes in \(\mathbb{P}^{n}\). Then the complement of \(\triangle(I_{n,s,n})\) defined as \(\Gamma(I_{n,s,n}) = \overline{ (\mathbb{R}_{\geq 0})^{n} \setminus \triangle(I_{n,s,n})}\) is the simplex in \(\mathbb{R}^{n}\) with the vertices at the origin and points \(A_{1},\dots, A_{n}\), where \[ A_{i} = \bigg( 0,\dots, 0, \frac{s-(i-1)}{n-(i-1)}, 0,\dots,0 \bigg) \] and this non-zero number appears at the \(i\)-th position. More generally, if \(I_{c,s,n}\) is the ideal of union of all linear subspaces of codimension \(c\) in \(\mathbb{P}^{n}\) cut out by \(c\) of \(s\) general hyperplanes in \(\mathbb{P}^{n}\), then \[ \Gamma(I_{c,s,n}) = \Gamma(I_{c,s,c})\times (\mathbb{R}_{\geq 0})^{n-c}. \] At the end of this note the authors give an explicit interpretation of non-zero coordinates of vertices \(A_{1}\) and \(A_{n}\) which are respectively equal to the Waldschmidt constant and the asymptotic regularity.
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