Transition to ballistic regime for heat transport in helium II
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Abstract: The size-dependent and flux-dependent effective thermal conductivity of narrow capillaries filled with superfluid helium is analyzed from a thermodynamic continuum perspective. The classical Landau evaluation of the effective thermal conductivity of quiescent superfluid, or the Gorter-Mellinck regime of turbulent superfluids, are extended to describe the transition to ballistic regime in narrow channels wherein the radius is comparable to (or smaller than) the phonon mean-free path in superfluid helium. To do so we start from an extended equation for the heat flux incorporating non-local terms, and take into consideration a heat slip flow along the walls of the tube. This leads from an effective thermal conductivity proportional to (Landau regime) to another one proportional to (ballistic regime). We consider two kinds of flows: along cylindrical pipes and along two infinite parallel plates.
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Cited in
(13)- Effective thermal conductivity of helium II: From Landau to Gorter-Mellink regimes
- Contribution of the normal component to the thermal resistance of turbulent liquid helium
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