Multivariate Apéry numbers and supercongruences of rational functions

DOI10.2140/ANT.2014.8.1985zbMATH Open1306.11005arXiv1401.0854OpenAlexW3105024968WikidataQ114045591 ScholiaQ114045591MaRDI QIDQ482302FDOQ482302

Authors: Armin Straub 

Publication date: 22 December 2014

Published in: Algebra \& Number Theory (Search for Journal in Brave)

Abstract: One of the many remarkable properties of the Ap'ery numbers $A(n)$, introduced in Ap'ery's proof of the irrationality of $zeta(3)$, is that they satisfy the two-term supercongruences �egin{equation*} A (p^r m) equiv A (p^{r - 1} m) pmod{p^{3 r}} end{equation*} for primes $pgeq5$. Similar congruences are conjectured to hold for all Ap'ery-like sequences. We provide a fresh perspective on the supercongruences satisfied by the Ap'ery numbers by showing that they extend to all Taylor coefficients $A(n_1,n_2,n_3,n_4)$ of the rational function �egin{equation*} frac{1}{(1 - x_1 - x_2) (1 - x_3 - x_4) - x_1 x_2 x_3 x_4} . end{equation*} The Ap'ery numbers are the diagonal coefficients of this function, which is simpler than previously known rational functions with this property. Our main result offers analogous results for an infinite family of sequences, indexed by partitions $lambda$, which also includes the Franel and Yang--Zudilin numbers as well as the Ap'ery numbers corresponding to $zeta(2)$. Using the example of the Almkvist--Zudilin numbers, we further indicate evidence of multivariate supercongruences for other Ap'ery-like sequences.

Full work available at URL: https://arxiv.org/abs/1401.0854

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zbMATH Keywords

supercongruencesAlmkvist-Zudilin numbersdiagonals of rational functionsApéry numbers

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Factorials, binomial coefficients, combinatorial functions (05A10) Congruences; primitive roots; residue systems (11A07) Special sequences and polynomials (11B83) Recurrences (11B37)

Cited In (21)

• Automatic congruences for diagonals of rational functions
• \(p\)-linear schemes for sequences modulo \(p^{r}\)
• New Representations for all Sporadic Apéry-Like Sequences, With Applications to Congruences
• On the representability of sequences as constant terms
• Diagonal representation of algebraic power series: a glimpse behind the scenes
• Lucas congruences for the Ap\'ery numbers modulo $p^2$
• On some congruences involving Apéry-like numbers S_n
• Diagonal asymptotics for symmetric rational functions via ACSV
• Sequences, modular forms and cellular integrals
• Divisibility properties of sporadic Apéry-like numbers
• Congruences for Apéry numbers βn =∑k=0nn k2n+k k
• Supercongruences concerning bi\(^s\)nomial coefficients
• Generalized Lucas congruences and linear \(p\)-schemes
• Proof of a Dwork-type supercongruence by induction
• On a class of hypergeometric diagonals
• Supercongruences for the Almkvist–Zudilin numbers
• Supercongruences for polynomial analogs of the Apéry numbers
• Gaussian binomial coefficients with negative arguments
• Supercongruences for sporadic sequences
• Some conjectural supercongruences related to Bernoulli and Euler numbers
• Gessel-Lucas congruences for sporadic sequences

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