Covariant Hamiltonian boundary conditions in General Relativity for spatially bounded space–time regions

DOI10.1063/1.1505984zbMATH Open1060.83003arXivgr-qc/0109013OpenAlexW2075203614MaRDI QIDQ4832809FDOQ4832809

Authors: Stephen C. Anco, Roh-Suan Tung 

Publication date: 14 December 2004

Published in: Journal of Mathematical Physics (Search for Journal in Brave)

Abstract: We investigate the covariant Hamiltonian symplectic structure of General Relativity for spatially bounded regions of spacetime with a fixed time-flow vector. For existence of a well-defined Hamiltonian variational principle taking into account a spatial boundary, it is necessary to modify the standard Arnowitt-Deser-Misner Hamiltonian by adding a boundary term whose form depends on the spatial boundary conditions for the gravitational field. The most general mathematically allowed boundary conditions and corresponding boundary terms are shown to be determined by solving a certain equation obtained from the symplectic current pulled back to the hypersurface boundary of the spacetime region. A main result is that we obtain a covariant derivation of Dirichlet, Neumann, and mixed type boundary conditions on the gravitational field at a fixed boundary hypersurface, together with the associated Hamiltonian boundary terms. As well, we establish uniqueness of these boundary conditions under certain assumptions motivated by the form of the symplectic current. Our analysis uses a Noether charge method which extends and unifies several results developed in recent literature for General Relativity. As an illustration of the method, we apply it to the Maxwell field equations to derive allowed boundary conditions and boundary terms for existence of a well-defined Hamiltonian variational principle for an electromagnetic field in a fixed spatially bounded region of Minkowski spacetime.

Full work available at URL: https://arxiv.org/abs/gr-qc/0109013

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Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Einstein's equations (general structure, canonical formalism, Cauchy problems) (83C05)

Cites Work

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Cited In (19)

• Properties of the symplectic structure of general relativity for spatially bounded space–time regions
• Covariant phase space with boundaries
• Stationary untrapped boundary conditions in general relativity
• Surface charge algebra in gauge theories and thermodynamic integrability
• Time boundary terms and Dirac constraints
• Admissible boundary conditions for Hamiltonian field theories
• Energy and angular momentum in strong gravitating systems
• Boundary conditions from boundary terms, Noether charges and the trace K Lagrangian in general relativity
• Quasi-local energy-momentum and angular momentum in general relativity
• Spinor derivation of quasilocal mean curvature mass in general relativity
• Quasi-local energy-momentum and angular momentum in gr: a review article
• Title not available (Why is that?)
• Hamiltonian description of the parametrized scalar field in bounded spatial regions
• Title not available (Why is that?)
• The initial boundary value problem and quasi-local Hamiltonians in general relativity
• Hamiltonians for a general dilaton gravity theory on a spacetime with a non-orthogonal, timelike or spacelike outer boundary
• Mean-curvature flow and quasilocal mass for 2-surfaces in Hamiltonian general relativity
• Brown-York charges with mixed boundary conditions
• Erratum: “Covariant Hamiltonian boundary conditions in General Relativity for spatially bounded space–time regions” [J. Math. Phys. 43, 5531 (2002)]

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