Fourier duality in integral geometry and reconstruction from ray integrals

DOI10.1007/S00041-014-9340-7MaRDI QIDQ485271zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Publication date 9 January 2015

Published in The Journal of Fourier Analysis and Applications (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://doi.org/10.1007/s00041-014-9340-7

completeness condition duality homogeneous distribution ray transform support theorem

Radon transform (44A12) Integral geometry (53C65) Numerical methods for integral transforms (65R10) Image processing (compression, reconstruction, etc.) in information and communication theory (94A08)

Review text

Given a \(k\)-dimensional variety \(\Delta\) of affine \((k-1)\)-dimensional subspaces of \(E^n\backslash 0\), the author assumes the variety \(\Sigma_k(\Delta)\) of all \(k\)-planes \(A\) that contains a \((k-1)\)-plane \(B\in \Delta\) is a complete family in \(E^n\backslash 0\). Thus, given any hyperplane \(H\) in \(E^n\backslash 0\) there exists an element of \(A\in \Sigma_k(\Delta)\) lying in \(H\), and consequently the corresponding polar planes satisfy \(H^0\subset A^0\). The polar \(A^0\) is the \((n-k-1)\)-dimensional subspace of \(E^n\backslash 0\) that is the set of solutions of the system \(\langle x,y\rangle+1=0\), \(\forall y\in A\). In Theorem 7, the author considers a function \(f\) on \(E^n\) such that \((1+ |x|^n)f(x)\in L^1(E^n)\), and its \(k\)-polar function, \(f^0(\xi)=|(1,\xi)|^{k-n-1}|(1,x)|^k \tilde{g}(1, \xi)\), where \(\tilde{g}\) is the Fourier transform of the homogeneous distribution \(g (dx_0\wedge dx)\) of degree \(k\), with \(g\) given by \(g(x_0,x)=|x_0|^{-n-1}|(x_0,x)|^kf(x/x_0)\), \(g(0,x)=0\). From the integral data of the Radon integral transformation of \(f\) on \(A\in \Sigma_k(\Delta)\) he concludes first that \(f^0\) can be recovered in all \(E^n\backslash 0\). He then shows that \(f\) can be reconstructed from its polar function via inverse Fourier transformation. In Theorem 6, a formula is given relating the Radon integral transformations \(Rf^0(A^0)\) and \(Rf(A)\) for such function \(f\) and any \(k\)-plane \(A\), \(0<k<n\), involving the distances functions of \(A\) and \(A^0\) to the zero point. Many results of the author's previous work [Reconstructive integral geometry. Basel: Birkhäuser (2004; Zbl 1063.44002)] are used in the proofs. If \(\Delta\) is a closed non-contractible curve \(\Gamma\) in the projective closure \(P^n\) of \(E^n\), in Theorem 8 the author concludes that any smooth function \(f\) on \(E\) with compact support can be reconstructed from the line transformation \(Rf(L)=\int_L f dV(L)\) of \(f\) for lines \(L\) that meet \(\Gamma\). In the case \(\Delta\) is a piecewise \(C^2\) curve \(\Gamma=y(s)\) in \(E^3\) satisfying the completeness condition at a given point \(x\in E^3\backslash \Gamma\), given a \(C^2\) function \(f\) on \(E^3\) with compact support away from \(\Gamma\), the author gives in Theorem 10 a reconstruction of \(f\) at \(x\) from a formula involving the ray transform \(g\) of \(f\), and the Fourier transform \(G\) of \(g(y,v)dv\), and a fixed bounded distribution function \(\epsilon(y,\xi)\), with \(y\in \Gamma, \xi\in S^2\). If \(f\) is a continuous function in \(E^2\backslash B\) such that \(|x|^{\delta} f(x)\) is bounded for each \(\delta \geq 0\) and for any line \(L\) not intersecting a fixed compact set \(B\), in the last Theorem 12 it is proved that the Fourier expansion of \(f\) restricted to a circle \(S\) enclosing \(B\) does not contain frequencies \(<\delta\). The proof uses a representation of \(f\) in sums of harmonics. This result implies Helgason's support theorem in dimension 2.

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