Moduli spaces of polarized irreducible symplectic manifolds are not necessarily connected
It is well known that the moduli space of polarized \(K3\) surfaces of a given degree \(2d\) is connected and the article under review investigates the case of irreducible holomorphic symplectic manifolds (IHSM) of \(K3^{[n]}\)-type. If \(X\) is such a manifold endowed with its natural quadratic form (the Bogomolov-Beauville form), let us fix \(h_d\in H^2(X,\mathbb{Z})\) a primitive element of degree \((h_d,h_d)=2d\) (for a given \(d>0\)) and let us consider the quantity (called divisibility) \[ t:=\mathrm{div}(h_d)=[\mathbb{Z},(h_d,\, H^2(X,\mathbb{Z}))] \] i. e., the positive generator of the subgroup \((h_d,\, H^2(X,\mathbb{Z}))\). Standard considerations on discrimant of lattices show that \(t\mid\mathrm{gcd}(2d,2n-2)\). The main result of this paper consists in the computation of the number of connected components of the moduli space of IHSM of \(K3^{[n]}\)-type whose degree is \(2d\) and divisibility \(t\) (which has to satisfy the divisibility property above). { Theorem.} This number is equal to the number of isometry classes of pairs \((T,h)\) where \(T\) is an even positive definite lattice of rank 2 and discriminant \(\dfrac{4d(n-1)}{t^2}\), \(h\) a primitive element of square \(h^2=2d\) and such that \(h^\perp\) is generated by an element whose square is \(2n-2\). The correspondence goes throught the Mukai lattice of a K3 (in which the Mukai lattice of \(X\) sits) and the study of the monodromy action (and more precisely of the parallel transport operators introduced by \textit{E. Markman} in [A survey of Torelli and monodromy results for holomorphic-symplectic varieties. Springer Proc. Math. 8, 257--322 (2011; Zbl 1229.14009)]. The article provides us with explicit computations of this number.
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