A note on J-positive block operator matrices

DOI10.1007/S00020-014-2156-7MaRDI QIDQ487211zbMATH OpenOpenAlexWikidataFDO

Publication date 19 January 2015

Published in Integral Equations and Operator Theory (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/1403.2406

block operator matrix eigenfunction expansion Ginzburg-Landau equation J-positive operator J-self-adjoint operator

Eigenfunctions, eigenfunction expansions, completeness of eigenfunctions of ordinary differential operators (34L10) Scattering theory of linear operators (47A40) Hermitian and normal operators (spectral measures, functional calculus, etc.) (47B15) Linear operators on spaces with an indefinite metric (47B50)

Abstract: We study basic spectral properties of J-self-adjoint

2 i m e s 2

block operator matrices. Using the linear resolvent growth condition, we obtain simple necessary conditions for the regularity of the critical point

i n f t y

. In particular, we present simple examples of operators having the singular critical point

i n f t y

. Also, we apply our results to the linearized operator arising in the study of soliton type solutions to the nonlinear relativistic Ginzburg-Landau equation.

Review text

Block operators of the form \( {\mathcal A} = \left(\begin{smallmatrix} A & C^*\\ C & B \end{smallmatrix}\right) \) are considered in a Hilbert space \({\mathfrak H} = {\mathcal H} \times {\mathcal H}\) based on another Hilbert space \({\mathcal H}\). General conditions are assumed such that \({\mathcal A}\) is self-adjoint (i.e., the closure of an essentially self-adjoint operator, which is more precisely defined). These conditions include that \(A\) and \(B\) are self-adjoint and the form \(\langle {\mathcal A} f , f \rangle\) has at most finitely many negative squares. The fundamental symmetry \( {\mathcal J} = \left(\begin{smallmatrix} 0 & i I\\ -i I & 0 \end{smallmatrix}\right) \) turns \({\mathfrak H}\) into a Krein space and \({\mathcal L} = {\mathcal J} {\mathcal A}\) is \({\mathcal J}\)-self-adjoint. The spectra of \({\mathcal A}\) and of \({\mathcal L}\) are studied. The definitizability of \({\mathcal L}\) (i.e., here \(\rho ({\mathcal L}) \neq \emptyset\)) is characterized in terms of \(T(z) := B - (C + iz) A^{-1}(C^* - iz)\) and examples of non-definitizable operators \({\mathcal L}\) are presented. Under the assumption \(\sigma ({\mathcal L}) \subset {\mathbb R}\), the main focus is on the similarity of \({\mathcal L}\) to a self-adjoint operator, or, in other words, on the regularity of the critical points of \({\mathcal L}\), in particular, of \(\infty\). A well-known necessary condition is the so-called linear resolvent growth condition which is here reformulated in terms of \(T(z)\). This condition gives rise to a number of examples where \(\infty\) is a singular critical point of \({\mathcal L}\). The main example is the operator \({\mathcal L}\) with \(A = - d^2/dx^2 + m^2 + V(x)\), \(C = \nu \, d/dx\), \(B = I\) and \({\mathcal H} = L^2({\mathbb R})\) induced by the nonlinear relativistic Ginzburg-Landau equation. Explicit conditions on the coefficients are obtained such that \(\infty\) is a singular critical point. This result indicates the limits of earlier research on eigenfunction expansions [\textit{A. Komech} and \textit{E. Kopylova}, J. Stat. Phys. 154, No. 1--2, 503--521 (2014; Zbl 1300.34195)].

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