Realization spaces of 4-polytopes are universal

DOI10.1090/S0273-0979-1995-00604-XMaRDI QIDQ4884444zbMATH OpenFDO

Authors Günter M. Ziegler, Jürgen Richter-Gebert

Publication date 9 January 1997

Published in Bulletin of the American Mathematical Society (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/math/9510217

zbMATH Keywords

polytopessemi-algebraic setsstable equivalenceSteinitz's Theoremrealization spaces

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Analysis of algorithms and problem complexity (68Q25) (n)-dimensional polytopes (52B11) Semialgebraic sets and related spaces (14P10)

Abstract: Let $Psubset{R}^d$ be a $d$-dimensional polytope. The {em realization space} of~$P$ is the space of all polytopes $P^{\prime }subset{R}^d$ that are combinatorially equivalent to~$P$, modulo affine transformations. We report on work by the first author, which shows that realization spaces of mbox{4-dimensional} polytopes can be ``arbitrarily bad: namely, for every primary semialgebraic set~$V$ defined over~$$, there is a $4$-polytope $P(V)$ whose realization space is ``stably equivalent to~$V$. This implies that the realization space of a $4$-polytope can have the homotopy type of an arbitrary finite simplicial complex, and that all algebraic numbers are needed to realize all $4$- polytopes. The proof is constructive. These results sharply contrast the $3$-dimensional case, where realization spaces are contractible and all polytopes are realizable with integral coordinates (Steinitz's Theorem). No similar universality result was previously known in any fixed dimension.

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Cited in

(34)

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• Framework for \(\exists\mathbb{R}\)-completeness of two-dimensional packing problems
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• The complexity of positive semidefinite matrix factorization
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• Further \(\exists{\mathbb{R}} \)-complete problems with PSD matrix factorizations
• A practical algorithm with performance guarantees for the art gallery problem
• Finding a simple polytope from its graph in polynomial time
• Representing matroids over the reals is \(\exists \mathbb{R}\)-complete
• ON THE DIMENSIONS OF THE REALIZATION SPACES OF POLYTOPES
• Six topics on inscribable polytopes
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• Algebraic degrees of 3-dimensional polytopes
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• Positive Plücker tree certificates for non-realizability
• Completeness for the complexity class \(\forall \exists \mathbb{R}\) and area-universality
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• Hom-polytopes
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• Combining realization space models of polytopes
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• On the complexity of the planar slope number problem
• Realization spaces of 4-polytopes are universal
• A note on the existence of a universal polytope among regular 4-polytopes
• Smoothing the Gap Between NP and ER
• Fixed points, Nash equilibria, and the existential theory of the reals
• Semi-algebraic sets of \(f\)-vectors
• The complete enumeration of 4-polytopes and 3-spheres with nine vertices
• On the realization space of the cube
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