Root statistics of random polynomials with bounded Mahler measure

DOI10.1016/J.AIM.2014.11.022MaRDI QIDQ488956zbMATHOpenAlexFDO

Authors Christopher D. Sinclair, Maxim L. Yattselev

Publication date 27 January 2015

Published in Advances in Mathematics (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/1307.4128

zbMATH Keywords

random polynomialMahler measureeigenvalue statisticsmatrix kernelPfaffian point processskew-orthogonal polynomials

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Point processes (e.g., Poisson, Cox, Hawkes processes) (60G55) Random matrices (algebraic aspects) (15B52) Random matrices (probabilistic aspects) (60B20) Polynomials in number theory (11C08) Heights (11G50) Continuum models (systems of particles, etc.) arising in equilibrium statistical mechanics (82B21) Real polynomials: location of zeros (26C10) Confluent hypergeometric functions, Whittaker functions, ({}_1F_1) (33C15) Orthogonal functions and polynomials, general theory of nontrigonometric harmonic analysis (42C05)

Abstract: The Mahler measure of a polynomial is a measure of complexity formed by taking the modulus of the leading coefficient times the modulus of the product of its roots outside the unit circle. The roots of a real degree $N$ polynomial chosen uniformly from the set of polynomials of Mahler measure at most 1 yields a Pfaffian point process on the complex plane. When $N$ is large, with probability tending to 1, the roots tend to the unit circle, and we investigate the asymptotics of the scaled kernel in a neighborhood of a point on the unit circle. When this point is away from the real axis (on which there is a positive probability of finding a root) the scaled process degenerates to a determinantal point process with the same local statistics (i.e., scalar kernel) as the limiting process formed from the roots of complex polynomials chosen uniformly from the set of polynomials of Mahler measure at most 1. Three new matrix kernels appear in a neighborhood of $pm1$ which encode information about the correlations between real roots, between complex roots and between real and complex roots. Away from the unit circle, the kernels converge to new limiting kernels, which imply among other things that the expected number of roots in any open subset of $C$ disjoint from the unit circle converges to a positive number. We also give ensembles with identical statistics drawn from two-dimensional electrostatics with potential theoretic weights, and normal matrices chosen with regard to their topological entropy as actions on Euclidean space.

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Cited in

(3)

• The reciprocal Mahler ensembles of random polynomials
• Zero distribution of random polynomials
• Two universality results for polynomial reproducing kernels

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