General Theory of Measurement with Two Copies of a Quantum State

DOI10.1103/PHYSREVLETT.103.040404zbMATH Open1254.81007arXiv0904.3576WikidataQ84359344 ScholiaQ84359344MaRDI QIDQ4898079FDOQ4898079

Marcelo Terra Cunha, Juan Pablo Paz, Ariel Bendersky

Publication date: 29 December 2012

Published in: Physical Review Letters (Search for Journal in Brave)

Abstract: We analyze the possible results of the most general measurement on two copies of a quantum state. We show that $mu$ can label a set of outcomes of such measurement if and only if there is a family of completely co--positive (ccP) maps $C_{m}u$ such that the probability of occurrence $Prob(mu)$ is the fidelity of the map $C_{m}u$, i.e. $Prob(mu)=Tr(ho{C}_{m}u(ho))$ which must add up to the fully depolarizing map. This implies that a POVM on two copies induces a measure on the set of ccP maps (i.e., a ccPMVM). We present examples of ccPMVM's and discuss their tomographic applications showing that two copies of a state provide an exponential improvement in the efficiency of quantum state tomography. This enables the existence of an efficient universal detector.

Full work available at URL: https://arxiv.org/abs/0904.3576

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Quantum measurement theory, state operations, state preparations (81P15)

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