An example of unbounded chaos

Abstract: Let

p h i (x) = | 1 - f r a c 1 x |

for all

x > 0

. Then we extend

p h i (x)

in the usual way to become a continuous map from the compact topological (but not metric) space

[0, i n f t y]

onto itself which also maps the set of irrational points in

(0, i n f t y)

onto itself. In this note, we show that (1) on

[0, i n f t y]

,

p h i (x)

is topologically mixing, has dense irrational periodic points, and has topological entropy

l o g l a m b d a

, where

l a m b d a

is the unique positive zero of the polynomial

x^{3} - 2 x - 1

; (2)

p h i (x)

has bounded uncountable {it invariant} 2-scrambled sets of irrational points in

(0, 3)

; (3) for any countably infinite set

X

of points (rational or irrational) in

(0, i n f t y)

, there exists a dense unbounded uncountable {it invariant}

i n f t y

-scrambled set

Y

of irrational transitive points in

(0, i n f t y)

such that, for any

x i n X

and any

y i n Y

, we have

l i m s u p_{n o i n f t y} | p h i^{n} (x) - p h i^{n} (y) | = i n f t y

and

l i m i n f_{n o i n f t y} | p h i^{n} (x) - p h i^{n} (y) | = 0

. This demonstrates the true nature of chaos for

p h i (x)

.

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