A fast direct solver for structured linear systems by recursive skeletonization

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Publication:4903729

DOI10.1137/120866683zbMATH Open1259.65062arXiv1110.3105OpenAlexW1990081118MaRDI QIDQ4903729FDOQ4903729


Authors: Kenneth L. Ho, Leslie Greengard Edit this on Wikidata


Publication date: 24 January 2013

Published in: SIAM Journal on Scientific Computing (Search for Journal in Brave)

Abstract: We present a fast direct solver for structured linear systems based on multilevel matrix compression. Using the recently developed interpolative decomposition of a low-rank matrix in a recursive manner, we embed an approximation of the original matrix into a larger, but highly structured sparse one that allows fast factorization and application of the inverse. The algorithm extends the Martinsson/Rokhlin method developed for 2D boundary integral equations and proceeds in two phases: a precomputation phase, consisting of matrix compression and factorization, followed by a solution phase to apply the matrix inverse. For boundary integral equations which are not too oscillatory, e.g., based on the Green's functions for the Laplace or low-frequency Helmholtz equations, both phases typically have complexity O(N) in two dimensions, where N is the number of discretization points. In our current implementation, the corresponding costs in three dimensions are O(N3/2) and O(NlogN) for precomputation and solution, respectively. Extensive numerical experiments show a speedup of sim100 for the solution phase over modern fast multipole methods; however, the cost of precomputation remains high. Thus, the solver is particularly suited to problems where large numbers of iterations would be required. Such is the case with ill-conditioned linear systems or when the same system is to be solved with multiple right-hand sides. Our algorithm is implemented in Fortran and freely available.


Full work available at URL: https://arxiv.org/abs/1110.3105




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