Symmetry of uniaxial global Landau-de Gennes minimizers in the theory of nematic liquid crystals
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Symmetries, invariants, etc. in context of PDEs (35B06) Stability in context of PDEs (35B35) Asymptotic behavior of solutions to PDEs (35B40) Blow-up in context of PDEs (35B44) Variational methods for elliptic systems (35J50) Ginzburg-Landau equations (35Q56) Optimality conditions for problems involving partial differential equations (49K20) Optimality conditions for solutions belonging to restricted classes (Lipschitz controls, bang-bang controls, etc.) (49K30) Liquid crystals (76A15)
Abstract: We study uniaxial energy-minimizers within the Landau-de Gennes theory for nematic liquid crystals on a three-dimensional spherical droplet subject to homeotropic boundary conditions. We work in the low-temperature regime and show that uniaxial energy-minimizers necessarily have the structure of the well-studied radial-hedgehog solution in the low-temperature limit. An immediate consequence of this result is that Landau-de Gennes energy minimizers cannot be purely uniaxial for sufficiently low temperatures.
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