Matter non-conservation in the universe and dynamical dark energy

DOI10.1088/0264-9381/29/21/215002zbMATH Open1266.83187arXiv1202.5097OpenAlexW3103231636MaRDI QIDQ4920154FDOQ4920154

Authors: Harald Fritzsch, Joan Solà 

Publication date: 16 May 2013

Published in: Classical and Quantum Gravity (Search for Journal in Brave)

Abstract: In an expanding universe the vacuum energy density ho_{Lambda} is expected to be a dynamical quantity. In quantum field theory in curved space-time ho_{Lambda} should exhibit a slow evolution, determined by the expansion rate of the universe H. Recent measurements on the time variation of the fine structure constant and of the proton-electron mass ratio suggest that basic quantities of the Standard Model, such as the QCD scale parameter Lambda_{QCD}, may not be conserved in the course of the cosmological evolution. The masses of the nucleons m_N and of the atomic nuclei would also be affected. Matter is not conserved in such a universe. These measurements can be interpreted as a leakage of matter into vacuum or vice versa. We point out that the amount of leakage necessary to explain the measured value of dot{m}_N/m_N could be of the same order of magnitude as the observationally allowed value of dot{ ho}_{Lambda}/ ho_{Lambda}, with a possible contribution from the dark matter particles. The dark energy in our universe could be the dynamical vacuum energy in interaction with ordinary baryonic matter as well as with dark matter.

Full work available at URL: https://arxiv.org/abs/1202.5097

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zbMATH Keywords

curved spacetimedark energydark matterexpanding universequantum field theoryvacuum energyvacuum energy density

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Quantum field theory on curved space or space-time backgrounds (81T20) Strong interaction, including quantum chromodynamics (81V05) Methods of quantum field theory in general relativity and gravitational theory (83C47) Macroscopic interaction of the gravitational field with matter (hydrodynamics, etc.) (83C55) Relativistic cosmology (83F05) Astrophysical cosmology (85A40)

Cited In (15)

• Cosmological consequences of scale-related comoving masses for cosmic pressure, mass, and vacuum energy density
• The role of energy conservation and vacuum energy in the evolution of the universe
• Dilation matter as dark matter and evolution of the universe
• Nonsingular decaying vacuum cosmology and entropy production
• About dark energy and dark matter in a three-dimensional quantum vacuum model
• The physical nature of the cosmological constant and the decoherence scale in a renormalization-group approach
• Is cold dark matter a vacuum effect?
• Rényi Holographic dark energy models in multidimensional universe
• The \(\bar{\Lambda}\mathrm{CDM}\) cosmology: from inflation to dark energy through running \(\Lambda\)
• Vacuum dynamics in the universe versus a rigid \(\Lambda=\mathrm{const.}\)
• Accelerated expansion of the universe based on emergence of space and thermodynamics of the horizon
• Particle and entropy production in the running vacuum universe
• Scalar field theory description of the running vacuum model: the vacuumon
• Dark Energy and the Time Dependence of Fundamental Particle Constants
• Brans-Dicke cosmology with a \(\Lambda\)-term: a possible solution to \(\Lambda\)CDM tensions

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