Generalized equilibrium of cosmological fluids in second-order thermodynamics

DOI10.1088/0264-9381/16/10/312MaRDI QIDQ4935673zbMATHOpenAlexFDO

Authors Winfried Zimdahl, J. Gariel, G. Le Denmat

Publication date 31 January 2000

Published in Classical and Quantum Gravity (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/gr-qc/9907017

zbMATH Keywords

production ratecosmological fluidsgeneralized equilibrium statesconformal Killing-vector propertyequilibrium particlesecond-order entropy flow vector

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Classical and relativistic thermodynamics (80A10) Relativistic cosmology (83F05)

Abstract: Combining the second-order entropy flow vector of the causal Israel-Stewart theory with the conformal Killing-vector property of $u_i/T$, where $u_i$ is the four-velocity of the medium and T its equilibrium temperature, we investigate generalized equilibrium states for cosmological fluids with nonconserved particle number. We calculate the corresponding equilibrium particle production rate and show that this quantity is reduced compared with the results of the previously studied first-order theory. Generalized equilibrium for massive particles turns out to be compatible with a dependence $hopropto{a}^{-2}$ of the fluid energy density $ho$ on the scale factor a of the Robertson-Walker metric and may be regarded as a realization of so-called K-matter.

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(8)

• On the thermodynamics of one-fluid Szekeres-like cosmologies
• Generalized isothermal universes
• A transient phase in cosmological evolution: a multi-fluid approximation for a quasi-thermodynamical equilibrium
• Some properties and implications of the creation pressure and the generalized equilibrium: modification of the adiabatic index, cosmological perturbations
• Nonlocal extension of causal thermodynamics of the isotropic cosmic fluid
• Extended thermodynamics in the early Universe
• Emergent universe with interacting fluids and the generalized second law of thermodynamics
• Thermodynamical laws and spacetime geometry

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