Solutocapillary Marangoni flow induced in a waterbody by a solute source

DOI10.1017/JFM.2021.500MaRDI QIDQ4958032zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Authors Islam Benouaguef, Naga Musunuri, Edison C. Amah, Ian S. Fischer, Denis Blackmore, Pushpendra Singh

Publication date 6 September 2021

Published in Journal of Fluid Mechanics (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/2006.08127

zbMATH Keywords

Navier-Stokes equationsMarangoni convectionexperimental verificationthermocapillarityBénard convection

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Navier-Stokes equations for incompressible viscous fluids (76D05) Capillarity (surface tension) for incompressible viscous fluids (76D45) Experimental work for problems pertaining to fluid mechanics (76-05) Multiphase and multicomponent flows (76T99) Diffusive and convective heat and mass transfer, heat flow (80A19)

Abstract: The aim of this paper is to experimentally and analytically study the solutocapillary flow induced in a waterbody due to the presence of a solute source on its surface and the mixing induced by this flow of the solutes and gases dissolved at and near the surface into the waterbody. According to the analytic solution, the induced flow is analogous to a doublet flow in the sense that the flow is directed towards the source within a conical region with its vertex at the source, and outside the conical region the flow moves away from the source. The half cone angle for a negative source increases from $sim$60 degrees with increasing source strength and Schmidt number reaching values greater than 80 degrees. When the cone angle is large, the outflow is restricted to a thin annular boundary layer region. These analytic results are in agreement with our experimental data obtained by the PIV (Particle Image Velocimetry) and PLIF (planar laser-induced fluorescence) techniques. As the solute gradient at the surface gives rise to the force that drives the flow, when the solute diffusion coefficient is reduced the flow becomes stronger and persists longer because the solute gradient is maintained for a longer time and distance. In experiments, the flow changes direction into the waterbody and the surface flow stops when the solute induced surface tension gradient driving the flow becomes comparable to the surface tension gradients that exist on the surface due to temperature gradients.

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Cites work

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• Stability of thermocapillary convection in a fluid filling a half-space
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• WALKING ON WATER: Biolocomotion at the Interface

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